The Treaty of Versailles

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^^numbers of things^^

Key Terms

War was Germany’s fault ==(Article 231, the war guilt clause)== so Germany must pay the cost of the war %%(later set at 6.6 billion)%%

The reparations is to be payed to the winners in instalments lasting until1988until 1988

Germany should have a. small army ^^(100000 soldiers),^^ a small navy of ^^six battleships^^ and ^^no submarines, tanks or airforce.^^

Germany must hand over its colonies abroad to the winning countries

Large areas of German land is to be used to create new countries for people how had been previously ruled by others e.g. Poland, Czechoslovakia

Germany must never unite with Austria again

No German soldiers should enter the Rhineland, an area of Germany next to france

==440 clauses==

lost ^^13 % land^^ and ^^10% of the population^^

Germany was told they had to accept the terms (the German government was not invited to discussions) or else the country would face invasion from Britain, France and the USA

Germany was disarmed

Germany signed the treaty on the 28thofJune191928th of June 1919

Reasons the Germans hated the Treaty

Felt it was too harsh

Took away large areas of land which meant losing people, factories, farms and mines

Had to pay large amounts of money to the winners- humiliated and angry at the way their country was treated

Hated the fact it had been forced on them

Ordered to sign it, without discussion

Called it a @@‘diktat’-dictated peace@@

They felt they hadn’t lost the War

Thought the new politicians betrayed the country asking for a ceasefire as soon as the Kaiser left (November1918)(November 1918)

Some Germans incl. soldiers thought Germany could have carried on fighting but were betrayed by the politicians who had ended the war @@(the November Criminals)@@

A great German war hero @@(field Marshall Hindenburg)@@ said ‘ The German army was stabbed in the back. No blame is to be attached to the army. It is perfectly clear on who the blame rests’

Extra Stuff

Association between socialists (stab in the back, @@November Criminals@@) and Jews (lots of @@socialists@@ were @@Jews)@@

France re-routed the train that the Germans were travelling on to get to sign the Treaty through the most devastated war regions. when they arrived they were placed under house arrest to not be killed by french mobs.

allies kept the food blockade after the armistice.

All wanted: punishment, pay, prevent

Britain wanted x out of the Treaty

x=

Keep empire

Keep balance of power in Europe- Germany weak but France not too strong

France wanted x out of the Treaty

x=

Security

Keep alliance with USA and GB

Germany to be weak as possible ‘squeeze Germany until pips squeak’

American wanted x out of the Treaty

x=

Germany to recover economically so they could trade with them

League of Nations to protect France and the World

Germany wanted x out of the Treaty

x=

mildest terms as possible

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