60/100

41. What type of wind flows from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure?

A) Geostrophic wind

B) Gradient wind

C) Pressure-driven wind

D) All winds

Answer: D) All winds

42. What is a jet stream?

A) A ground-level wind that affects local weather

B) A fast, narrow air current in the upper troposphere

C) A warm ocean current

D) A type of valley breeze

Answer: B) A fast, narrow air current in the upper troposphere

43. Which type of wind is most influenced by the pressure gradient force and Coriolis effect, but not by friction?

A) Surface wind

B) Katabatic wind

C) Geostrophic wind

D) Land breeze

Answer: C) Geostrophic wind

44. What is the name of the wind that typically brings dry, warm air to the west side of the Rockies?

A) Santa Ana wind

B) Chinook wind

C) Valley breeze

D) Mountain breeze

Answer: B) Chinook wind

45. What causes a monsoon?

A) Earth’s rotation

B) Differential heating of land and sea

C) High pressure at the poles

D) Ocean tides

Answer: B) Differential heating of land and sea

46. What causes wind direction to curve instead of moving in a straight line?

A) Gravity

B) Friction

C) Coriolis effect

D) Temperature

Answer: C) Coriolis effect

47. Which direction does the Coriolis effect deflect winds in the Southern Hemisphere?

A) To the right

B) Straight upward

C) To the left

D) It has no effect

Answer: C) To the left

48. What is the result of surface divergence in a high pressure system?

A) Rising air and storms

B) Sinking air and fair weather

C) Increased humidity

D) Strong cyclones

Answer: B) Sinking air and fair weather

49. What type of breeze blows from sea to land during the day?

A) Land breeze

B) Valley breeze

C) Sea breeze

D) Mountain breeze

Answer: C) Sea breeze

50. What is the approximate height of the jet stream?

A) 2 km

B) 5 km

C) 10-15 km

D) 20 km

Answer: C) 10–15 km

51. Which wind pattern is associated with high-pressure systems aloft?

A) Converging wind

B) Diverging wind

C) Geostrophic wind

D) Local wind

Answer: B) Diverging wind

52. What best describes the movement of air in a cyclone?

A) Outward and downward

B) Inward and clockwise (Northern Hemisphere)

C) Inward and counterclockwise (Northern Hemisphere)

D) Straight upward

Answer: C) Inward and counterclockwise (Northern Hemisphere)

53. What is responsible for the rotation of cyclones and anticyclones?

A) Friction

B) Gravity

C) Coriolis effect

D) Temperature gradient

Answer: C) Coriolis effect

54. What happens when there is convergence at the surface?

A) Rising motion and potential cloud formation

B) Sinking motion and clear skies

C) Wind stops moving

D) Jet stream forms

Answer: A) Rising motion and potential cloud formation

55. What local wind is strongest during clear nights in mountainous regions?

A) Sea breeze

B) Mountain breeze

C) Valley breeze

D) Chinook wind

Answer: B) Mountain breeze

56. What causes valley breezes to form?

A) Nighttime cooling of slopes

B) Daytime heating of slopes

C) Pressure from jet streams

D) Ocean currents

Answer: B) Daytime heating of slopes

57. What is the direction of airflow around a low pressure center in the Southern Hemisphere?

A) Clockwise and inward

B) Counterclockwise and inward

C) Counterclockwise and outward

D) Clockwise and outward

Answer: A) Clockwise and inward

58. Why is surface wind not purely geostrophic?

A) Because it flows over land

B) Due to frictional effects

C) Because of temperature changes

D) Due to rainfall

Answer: B) Due to frictional effects

59. What term refers to air flowing out from a high pressure system?

A) Convergence

B) Divergence

C) Subsidence

D) Cyclonic flow

Answer: B) Divergence

60. When air rises in a low pressure area, what typically follows?

A) Warming and clear skies

B) Cloud formation and precipitation

C) Strong surface winds

D) Dry conditions

Answer: B) Cloud formation and precipitation

61. What is the main reason surface winds cross isobars instead of flowing parallel?

A) The Coriolis effect is stronger

B) Friction reduces Coriolis deflection

C) Jet streams interfere

D) The pressure gradient weakens

Answer: B) Friction reduces Coriolis deflection

62. Which wind system helps balance global heat differences between the equator and poles?

A) Local winds

B) Geostrophic winds

C) Global circulation

D) Mountain breezes

Answer: C) Global circulation

63. What happens to rising air in a low pressure system?

A) It warms and dries

B) It compresses

C) It expands and cools

D) It becomes heavier

Answer: C) It expands and cools

64. What is the source region for Santa Ana winds?

A) Coastal waters

B) Desert interior

C) Tropical forest

D) Mountain peaks

Answer: B) Desert interior

65. What is the main driver of all wind on Earth?

A) Gravity

B) Earth’s rotation

C) Solar heating

D) Jet streams

Answer: C) Solar heating

66. What type of air movement is associated with surface convergence?

A) Sinking motion

B) Rotating motion

C) Rising motion

D) Horizontal spreading

Answer: C) Rising motion

67. What direction do anticyclones rotate in the Northern Hemisphere?

A) Clockwise

B) Counterclockwise

C) Inward

D) Upward

Answer: A) Clockwise

68. Which of the following would most likely occur in a region of surface divergence?

A) Cloudy skies

B) Storm formation

C) Sinking air

D) Rising temperatures only

Answer: C) Sinking air

69. What is the key difference between gradient winds and geostrophic winds?

A) Gradient winds ignore pressure

B) Gradient winds follow straight isobars

C) Gradient winds curve around highs and lows

D) Geostrophic winds are only at night

Answer: C) Gradient winds curve around highs and lows

70. What process causes katabatic winds to form?

A) Daytime convection

B) Air descending due to cooling on elevated terrain

C) Moisture condensation

D) High-speed jet stream interaction

Answer: B) Air descending due to cooling on elevated terrain