table: summary of tensions

revolutionary socialism

social democracy

third way

collectivism

“from each according to ability to each according to need”

nationalise the “commanding heights” of the heights

socialism can be adapted and delivered via the current capitalist system

common humanity

humans are naturally sociable, identifying themselves as part of a group but their behaviour is socially determined

human nature has a predisposition for a fair and just society

humans balance their wish for a fair and just society against individual need

equality

absolute equality

greater social and economic equality

social justice/equality of opporutnity

social class

class conflict is at the core of society

break down the barriers between classes to minimise distractions

class is no longer relevant in modern society

workers’ control

means of production are placed in the hands of the workers

more important to focus on control and regulation of capitalism than ownership

ownership should remain as it is. state should not seek to own.