Quarter Four Notes

Respiratory & Cardiovascular Failure

Foundations

Normal Respiratory Function

• Oxygen enters lungs → diffuses into bloodstream at alveoli

• Carbon dioxide moves blood →lungs→exhale

• Diaphragm contracts to pull air in; relaxes to allow exhalation

System Failure

• Occurs;

  • Oxygen delivery is insufficent

  • Circulation cannot meet tissue demands

  • Fluid accumulates in lungs or tissues

• Signs

  • Shortness of breath

  • Fatigue; reduced endurance

  • Swelling in limbs

Respiratory Conditions

COPD;Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

• What Is It

  • Progressive disease causing airflow limitation

• Common Findings

  • Difficulty with breath cycle

  • Chronic cough;mucus production

  • Reduced oxygen levels

• Clinical Tip

  • Position cient upright or semi-reclined to reduce breathing effort

Chronic Bronchitis

• What Is It

  • Long-term inflammation of bronchi with excessive mucus production

• Common Findings

  • Persistent & productive cough

  • Narrowed ariways

  • Difficulty clearing mucus

• Clinical Tip

  • Gentle thoracic & rub work may help support breathing mechanics