Electronegativity

electronegativity deescribes the tendecny of an atom to attract a shared pair of eelctrons towards its nucleus.

• affected by its atomic number and the distance of the valence electrons from its nucleus (i.e atomic orbitial)

• “how strong of a pull” a particular atom has on electrons from a neighbouring atom

• more electronegative means it wil hog electrons more of the time while participating in a covalent bond

• as we move from the left to the right, and top to bottom, the electronegativity increases because of atomic radius

0 non polar

0-0.5 slightly polar

0.5-1.7 polar

1.7 or greater ionic

a bond dipole

• shows the direction in which electrons tend to spend more of the time

• S+ represents a partial charge less than +1

• S- represents a partial charge less than -1