History of Healthcare and Healthcare System

Early 1800s: Healthcare managed by families; women handled illnesses (domestic medicine).
Serious illnesses required intervention from traveling physicians.
Post-Civil War: Establishment of nursing as a profession (gender-based initially).

Nursing has professionalized and diversified over time.
Development of health insurance, exemplified by Blue Cross, occurred post-World War I.

Rapid job growth in healthcare: over 100,000 jobs added annually.
Healthcare jobs account for 1 in 6 new employment opportunities; recession-proof due to consistent need.

Physicians first to gain recognition and defined broad practice scope.
Non-physician practitioners (NPPs) like nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) seek recognition.
Scope of practice defined by state law, subject to change and competition among professions.

Alternative Medicine: Non-orthodox therapies (e.g., herbalism, acupuncture).
Complementary Medicine: Therapies used alongside conventional treatments (e.g., aromatherapy).
Holistic Health: Emphasis on physical and mental aspects of health.
Palliative Care: Focused on symptom relief for serious illnesses to enhance quality of life.
Curative Care: Aimed at restoring health from acute illnesses.
Scope of Practice: Procedures allowed for healthcare practitioners.

Acute Care Facility: Short-term inpatient care (hospitals).
Assisted Living Residence: Provides personal care for seniors while promoting independence.
Continuing Care Community: Offers a range of services and care levels.
Hospice: Specialized care for life-limiting illnesses, addressing comprehensive patient needs.
Nursing Home: 24-hour residential care for elderly and rehabilitation services.

Medicaid: State-federal program providing coverage for low-income individuals.
Medicare: National insurance for people aged 65+ and younger disabled individuals, funded through payroll tax.