GLOA 101 gmu

ou must understand:

A. Globalization as Increasing Interdependence

  • Countries are more connected economically, politically, culturally.

  • Borders matter less for trade, communication, finance.

  • Technology accelerates connections.

Understand the phrase:

“Intensification and stretching of social relations across world-space.”

Be able to explain:

  • What does “stretching” mean?

  • What does “intensification” mean?

B. Globalization is NOT only economic

It includes:

  • Political globalization (international institutions)

  • Cultural globalization (media, language, norms)

  • Environmental globalization (climate change)

  • Technological globalization (internet)

Be ready to give one example of each.

2⃣ Globalization: Little g vs Big G (Very Important – 25 minutes)

This is exam material.

Little g (process)

  • Ongoing global flows

  • Happens through markets, migration, communication

  • Continues even if governments oppose it

Big G (project)

  • Political agenda

  • Promotes free markets

  • Promotes integration

  • Can be supported or resisted politically

You must be able to answer:

  • Why is this distinction important?

  • How can globalization continue even if political support declines?

3⃣ Key Concepts (Spend 30 minutes)

Understand deeply — not memorize.

🔹 Globality

A condition where the world is tightly interconnected and traditional borders are challenged.

Ask:

  • Does globality mean national identity disappears? (No.)

🔹 Global Imaginary

The growing awareness that we live in one interconnected world.

Think:

  • Social media

  • Climate change

  • Global pandemics

🔹 Globalisms

Different ideologies about globalization.
For example:

  • Market globalism (free markets are best)

  • Justice globalism (focus on equality)

  • Religious globalism

Understand:
Globalization is not neutral. It is political.

4⃣ Forms of Globalization (20 minutes)

You must know the four forms clearly:

1. Embodied

Movement of people.
Example: migration, tourism.

2. Disembodied

Movement of ideas, culture.
Example: social media, movies.

3. Objectified

Movement of goods and commodities.
Example: iPhones assembled globally.

4. Institutional

Global organizations.
Example: UN, IMF, WTO.

Be able to give one example without notes.