Chemistry Memorization CBA

  1. Boyle's Law: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ (We'll explain this in more detail in a moment.)

  2. Charles's Law: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ (Remember, temperature must be in Kelvin for gas law calculations)

  3. Gay-Lussac's Law: P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂ (Temperature must be in Kelvin here too!)

  4. Avogadro's Law: V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂

Side 1: Concept/Law

Side 2: Definition/Formula/Key Idea

Ideal Gas

A theoretical gas with no particle interactions (no attraction or repulsion) and negligible particle volume.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Explains gas behavior based on particle motion and collisions. Higher temp = faster particles.

STP

Standard Temperature and Pressure: 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm

Molar Volume at STP

22.4 L/mol

Boyle's Law

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂; Pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

Charles's Law

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂; Volume and temperature are directly proportional at constant pressure. (Temp in Kelvin)

Gay-Lussac's Law

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂; Pressure and temperature are directly proportional at constant volume. (Temp in Kelvin)

Avogadro's Law

V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂; Volume and moles are directly proportional at constant temperature and pressure.

Combined Gas Law

(P₁V₁)/T₁ = (P₂V₂)/T₂; Combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's Laws. (Temp in Kelvin)

Ideal Gas Law

PV=nRT; Relates pressure, volume, moles, and temperature of an ideal gas. (Temp in Kelvin, R is the ideal gas constant)

  • Units: Pay close attention to units in gas law problems! Temperature must be in Kelvin. Pressure can be in atm, kPa, mmHg, etc. Make sure units are consistent.

  • R (Ideal Gas Constant): Be aware of different values of R depending on the pressure units used.

  • Molar Mass: Remember how to calculate molar mass – crucial for connecting grams to moles in gas calculations.

  • Density: Know that density of a gas at STP can be calculated using molar mass and molar volume (22.4 L/mol).