AP Euro Exam Review Unit 7

Unit 7: Liberalism & Nationalism (1815-1914)

1. Liberalism

• What It Is: A political philosophy focused on individual rights, democracy, and limited government.

• Key Figures:

  • John Stuart Mill: Advocated for freedom of speech and individual rights.

2. Nationalism

• What It Is: The belief that people should be loyal to their nation (defined by common culture, language, or history) rather than to a king or empire.

• Key Events:

  • Unification of Italy (under Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Cavour).

  • Unification of Germany (under Otto von Bismarck).

Summary:

• Liberalism and Nationalism led to movements for political and national unity across Europe, like Italy and Germany's unification.