INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT

METHODS OF MEASURING BEHAVIOR

• Tests

• Questionnaires/Surveys

• Interviews

• Observations

WHY USE TESTS?

• Determine outcomes of experiment

• Diagnosis and screening

• Correlate with outcomes

• Placement into a rehab facility or educational program

• Selection for exams like MCAT, GRE, skills test

ACHIEVEMENT TESTS/SURVEY

• Measure knowledge

• Standardized vs. teacher/researcher made tests

• Norm-referenced vs. criterion-referenced tests

WRITING ACHIEVEMENT TESTS

• Appropriate item format

• Avoid unintended clues

• Appropriate reading level

• Avoid bias

• Anatomy of multiple choice question

• Item Analysis: Difficulty Index, Discrimination Index

OTHER TYPES OF TESTS

• Personality Tests

• Attitude Tests (Thurstone Scale, Likert Scale)

SURVEYS

• Describe data nature and extent

• Administering a survey

• Coding data

• Writing a survey

TYPES OF INTERVIEWS

• Unstructured

• Semi-structured

• Structured

INTERVIEWING PROS AND CONS

• Advantages and disadvantages

• Interviewing tips

RECORDING OBSERVATIONS

• Types of recordings

• Tools for recording observations

RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY

• Reliability

• Quantifying reliability

• Components of reliability

• Ways to increase reliability

TYPES OF TEST REL