Opportunity Atlas Study Guide

Opportunity Insights Team at Harvard University

  • Focus on upward economic mobility and the American dream.

  • Utilizes IRS tax filing data to study long-term economic outcomes based on place of birth.

Upward Economic Mobility

  • Concept defined as the ability to improve one's economic status over time.

  • Relationship between neighborhood characteristics and long-term economic success is central to the study.

  • Data allows for better policy design aimed at improving socioeconomic outcomes.

Opportunity Atlas

  • Provides a granular mapping of socioeconomic outcomes across the United States.

  • Interactive tool accessible through opportunityatlas.org.

  • Demonstrates household income by geographic location and shows the variance across the U.S.

  • Distinction between current conditions (poverty rate, job growth) and historical outcomes (adult incomes based on childhood location).

Key Features of the Opportunity Atlas
  • Displays household income at age 35 for individuals based on childhood neighborhoods.

  • Uses census tracts (small geographic units) for detailed data visualization.

  • Emphasizes the impact of neighborhood factors on adult economic outcomes.

Neighborhood Characteristics Linked to Economic Mobility

  • Identified factors include:

    • Lower local poverty rates.

    • Quality of local schools.

    • Higher social capital.

    • Stability in family structures.

  • These elements positively correlated with better economic prospects for children.

Using the Opportunity Atlas

  • Tutorial and prompts available for effective navigation.

  • Ability to visualize economic outcomes by selected factors (parent income, race, gender).

  • Example exercise in Sunbury, Pennsylvania demonstrates the mapping capabilities.

Data Analysis in Sunbury, Pennsylvania
  • Area's average household income outcome for individuals who were raised there and are now 35.

  • Ability to zoom in on census tracts to observe local variations in incomes.

  • Importance of considering selected groups when viewing data.

Observations from a Larger City: Philadelphia

  • Visual patterns of wealth distribution across Philadelphia examined.

  • Noted trends of income disparities between urban and suburban areas.

  • Recognition of higher household incomes in suburban neighborhoods surrounding Philadelphia.

  • Mention of urban phenomena, including gentrification, affecting economic outcomes.

Census Tracts Explained

  • Definition: Small administrative units used by the Census Bureau.

  • Importance in understanding local economic conditions and policy applications:

    • Affect school districting.

    • Inform zoning laws and local governance decisions.

Advanced Features of Opportunity Atlas

  • Users can explore dataset in various modes, including:

    • Basic Mode: General navigation and outcome viewing.

    • Advance Mode: Allows for specific filtering of data based on user-defined criteria.

    • Compare Mode: Enables comparisons between two demographic groups (e.g. race, income level).

  • Ability to update and customize data views.

  • Limitations based on the frequency of data updates (next update anticipated with 2020 Census data).

Application of Data in Policymaking

  • Real-world example from Seattle highlighting successful housing policy pilot programs designed using Opportunity Atlas data.

  • Key findings from Seattle's initiative:

    • Identifying high mobility neighborhoods for low-income families to relocate.

    • Establishing housing assistance based on accurate mobility data, enhancing community integration.

    • Evidence demonstrated improved outcomes due to location choice.

  • Participants in the pilot received housing choice vouchers and beneficial information for transitioning to higher mobility neighborhoods.

Final Project Overview

  • Group assignment aimed at comparing urban outcomes using Opportunity Atlas data.

  • Required elements:

    • Select major metropolitan area as a base for comparison.

    • Analyze neighborhood characteristics and outcomes.

    • Link findings with historical and political contexts impacting socioeconomic trends.

  • Planning a pilot program designed to benefit economic outcomes for the selected city.

  • Reflection component independent of group work, encouraging personal insights and learning reflections prior to submission.

Class Administration

  • Group formation exercise for collaborative work.

  • Emphasis on understanding the group assignment details and deadlines for submission (December 2).

  • Encouragement to utilize class time effectively for preparation and exploration of the Opportunity Atlas.

Conclusion

  • Reflection on the importance of place in determining socioeconomic results.

  • Multi-faceted approach to tackling mobility through data and policy initiatives.