vocab

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): a polymer that contains genes

• is a type of biological macromolecule called a nucleic acid

• is genetic material of all living organisms

nucleic acids - chains of repeating monomers (called nucleotides)

codons (covered in more detail in d1.2) - but they are a sequence of 3 nucleotides that’re caused by the different orders of the nitrogenous bases

purines - hv 2 rings in their structure

• adenine

• guanine

pyrimidines - hv 1 ring in their structure

• cytosine

• thymine

nucleosomes - consists of a length of DNA, wrapped around a core of 8 proteins (4 pairs of 4 different histones, & special histone called $H_1$

• also has DNA linker

  • DNA strand that flows directly from one nucleosome to another?

histones - proteins around which eukaryotic DNA is wrapped, forming nucleosomes

$H_1$ - holds together the 8 histone proteins & attaches to linker DNA