Untitled Flashcards Set

What is Leadership? ● Inspiring, motivating, coaching, correcting, and guiding others toward organizational goals. ● A means to an end: how and who to the what. ● Depends on people and situational context. Leadership Styles ● Task/Head = Assertive ● People/Heart = Cooperative 🔬 Classic Studies Study Styles/Variables Key Takeaways Iowa Authoritarian, Democratic, Laissez-Faire Democratic = higher satisfaction, lower aggression (tested on 10-year-old boys) Michigan Structure (Task) vs. Consideration (People) High performers reported high consideration Ohio Two dimensions: Structure + Consideration 4 styles formed; led to Managerial Grid: (Avoiding, Autocratic, Accommodating, Compromising, Collaborating) Trait & Behavior Theories ● Trait Theories: Leadership tied to personality traits (charisma, courage, intelligence, emotional intelligence) ● Behavior Theories: Leadership is what leaders do, not who they are Contingency & Situational Theories ● Contingency Theory: Leadership effectiveness depends on: ○ Leader-follower relationships ○ Task structure ○ Follower competence ○ Leader power (Fiedler's LPC model – task vs people orientation) ● Situational Theory: Style changes over time based on followers’ trust and competence Modern Leadership Concepts ● Transformational Leadership: Inspires and empowers followers ● Substitutes for Leadership: Self-lead teams or automated systems ● John Maxwell's Laws ● The Leadership Challenge ● Good to Great: Level 5 Leadership (humility + will) 🌍 Topic 12: Culture and Leadership 1. Building Collection ● Prioritize commitment over satisfaction ● Foster collective thinking and inclusion ● Build trust – Trust Pyramid: ○ Shared values ○ Vulnerability-based trust ○ Psychological safety 2. Cultivating Purpose ● Levels: Personal → Interpersonal → Organizational → National → Worldwide ● Economics of Higher Purpose: Purpose beyond profit ● Dr. Bob Quinn and Dr. Anjan Thakor (U of Michigan): Positive Org. Leadership 3. Shaping Culture ● Mindset vs Mindfulness: ○ Mindset = fixed patterns of thinking ○ Mindfulness = present, open, conscious ● Cultural Complexity: ○ Conscious: visible behaviors, documented norms ○ Unconscious: assumptions, beliefs ● Loyola Example: Misalignment = dissatisfaction 😔 | Alignment = harmony 😊 4. Valuing Compassion ● Empathy + Inclusion: ○ Conscious Competence = being intentionally compassionate ○ Bias awareness is key ● Tools: Empathy Quotient tests, inclusive workplace strategies 5. Orchestrating Harmony ● Leadership is like music: harmony of words, actions, and purpose ● Express your purpose (e.g., “Go forth and set the world on fire!”) 📌 Key Concepts in Strategy (MGT 245 – Strategy II) 🔹 What is Strategy? A strategy is an overall plan to achieve an aim. It’s your game plan for how you live, operate, or exit a situation or business. 🧠 Mintzberg’s 5Ps of Strategy 1. Plan – A deliberate course of action. 2. Ploy – A maneuver to outwit a competitor. 3. Pattern – Consistency in behavior over time. 4. Position – Locating the organization in its environment. 5. Perspective – A way of perceiving the world. 🚀 Strategic Direction (Grand Strategies) 1. Growth – Increase in: ○ Revenue, profits ○ Market share ○ Locations, products, businesses ○ (e.g., mergers, acquisitions, expansion) 2. Stability – Maintain and improve existing operations. ○ Fight off entropy and competition. 3. Defensive – Minimize losses. ○ Retrench, recover, reduce, or retire operations. 💼 Strategic Action (Business Strategies) Competitive Advantage Criteria: ● Different ● Hard to copy ● Delivers positive benefit 1. Low Cost Leadership ● Focuses on efficiency ● Not always about the lowest price ● Unique process that keeps costs low 2. Differentiation ● Unique product/service/process aimed at a specific market ● Elements include: ○ Brand name ○ Quality ○ Design/style ○ Features ○ Tech & innovation ○ Image, service, emotion ○ Value, variety, values ○ Social responsibility 🧩 Strategic Planning and the Whole Person ● Vision (Where you're going) – Use your eyes ● Mission (Who you are) – Use your heart ● Strategy & SWOT (How you’ll get there) – Use your head ● Operational Plans (Action steps) – Use your hands & feet → Strategy should involve the whole person. 🌐 Environment Analysis 🔄 Fit/Alignment ● Ensure internal strategy fits external conditions. 🔍 SWOT Analysis ● SW = Internal (Strengths, Weaknesses) ● OT = External (Opportunities, Threats) 📊 Example: Business Strategy Comparison Sales Price Expense s Income Walmart $10 $7–8 $2–3 Target $10 $8 $2 🔸 Walmart achieves better income through cost efficiency.