Year 10 History Examination Semester 1 2025 Revision Guide

Examination Title: Year $10$ History $2025$ Semester $1$ Combined Practice Examination.
Timing and Structure:
- Reading Time: $10$ minutes.
- Writing Time: $60$ minutes.
- Total Marks: $32$ marks.
Component Weighting:
- Section 1: Short Answer Questions: $9$ marks.
- Sections 2 & 3: Source Analysis: $14$ marks.
- Section 4: Extended Response: $8$ marks.
- Basic Annotations: $1$ mark is awarded for circling or highlighting all tags/questions.
Permitted Materials: Pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners, and rulers.
Prohibited Materials: Blank sheets of paper, white-out liquid or tape, calculators, and unauthorized electronic devices including mobile phones.
Language Requirement: All written responses must be in English.

Identify: Recognise and briefly state a distinguishing factor or feature.
Define: State the exact meaning of a term.
State: Provide a specific name, value, or answer without providing an explanation.
Outline: Summarise the main points of the given information or historical events.
Explain: Relate cause and effect; give clear reasons why a situation exists and use evidence to support the answer.
Analyse: Provide a contention followed by an explanation and evidence to support that contention.
To what extent: Provide a contention that addresses both a larger and a lesser extent; elaborate and provide evidence for the larger extent and then for the lesser extent.

Early Life and Military Service:
- Hitler’s early years and his service in World War I ( $WWI$ ).
Political Origins:jh
- Hitler's involvement with the German Worker’s Party ( $DAP$ ).
The Munich Putsch and Imprisonment:
- The failed coup attempt in $1923$ (Munich Putsch).
- Hitler’s time in jail and the authoring of Mein Kampf, detailing his racial and political ideologies.
Consolidation of Power:
- January 1933: Appointment of Hitler as Chancellor.
- February 1933: The Reichstag Fire, used to consolidate power.
- March 1933: The Enabling Act, granting Hitler dictatorial powers.
- June 1934: The Night of the Long Knives, a purge of political and internal rivals.
Economic Context:
- Hyperinflation: Defined as an out-of-control inflationary spiral where prices rise rapidly as currency loses value.
- Impact: Significant economic hardship and loss of savings for German citizens.

Initial Persecution:
- 1933: Jewish Boycott of businesses.
- 1935: The Nuremberg Laws, legalizing the separation and disenfranchisement of Jewish people.
- November 8 & 9, 1938: Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass), a state-sponsored series of pogroms.
Isolation and Identification:
- 1939: Establishment of Ghettos for Jewish populations.
- 1941: The mandatory wearing of the Jewish badge (Star of David).
Systematic Mass Murder:
- Holocaust by Bullets: Conducted by the Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units).
- The Wannsee Conference: The meeting held to coordinate the "Final Solution."
- Camp System: Use of Concentration Camps for labor and Extermination Camps for mass murder.

Legal Doctrines:
- Terra Nullius: The legal concept meaning "land belonging to no one," used to justify British colonization of Australia.
Legislative Control:
- Aboriginal Protection Act 1869: Gave the state wide-ranging control over the lives of Indigenous people.
- Aboriginal Protection Boards: Established to manage the lives of Indigenous Australians.
Missions, Reserves, and Stations:
- Missions: Usually run by religious organizations with the intent of converting Indigenous people to Christianity.
- Stations: Government-run institutions where Indigenous people were often forced to live and work.
- Purpose: To control, "protect," and facilitate the removal of rights from Indigenous people.

Assimilation Policy:
- Basis: Grounded in the White Australia Policy.
- Target: Focused on mixed-race or "half-caste" individuals with lighter skin tones.
- Outcome: The creation of the Stolen Generations through the systematic removal of children from their families.
- Certificates of Exemption: Often called a "dog license," these allowed certain Indigenous people freedoms only if they abandoned their traditional culture.
Key Activism and Legal Milestones:
- January 26, 1938: Day of Mourning.
- 1962: Commonwealth Franchise Act, granting federal voting rights.
- 1965 Freedom Ride: Led by Charles Perkins and the Student Action for Aborigines ( $S.A.F.A.$ ) to protest segregation in rural New South Wales.
- 1967 Referendum: Successful vote to amend Section 51 (allowing the Federal Government to make laws for Indigenous people) and repeal Section 127 (allowing Indigenous Australians to be counted in the census).
- 1973: Wave Hill Walk Off (a landmark land rights strike).
- 1971–1993: Mabo case and the eventual legal recognition of Native Title.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR):
- Established following World War II ( $1948$ ).
- Purpose: To establish a common standard of fundamental rights for all people and nations.
- Includes specific articles (e.g., $5$ human rights articles noted for study).
- Breach: Term defined as breaking or failing to observe a law, agreement, or code of conduct.
US Civil Rights Movement:
- Context: Transition from the end of slavery to the era of Segregation and Jim Crow Laws.
- 1954: Brown v. Board of Education (challenging school segregation).
- 1955–56: Montgomery Bus Boycott.
- 1957: The Little Rock Nine.
- 1961: Freedom Rides.
- Leaders: Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X.

Source A (Australian Freedom Ride Poster):
- Event: Public meeting at Lower Town Hall on Tuesday, April $13$ , $1965$ at $8$ p.m.
- Speakers: Mr. Charles Perkins (President $S.A.F.A.$ ), Rev. Ted Noffs, Faith Bandler (Secretary of Federal Council for Advancement of Aborigines), and Mr. Herbert Groves (President of Aborigines Progress Association).
- Chairman: Pastor Doug Nichols.
- Origin: Papers of the Council for Aboriginal Rights, State Library of Victoria.
Source B (Indigenous Referendum March):
- Subject: Bill Onus, President of the Victorian Aborigines’ Advancement League.
- Context: Marching for the Aboriginal Rights Referendum on May $29$ , $1967$ .
Source A (Propaganda Painting):
- Title: Der Bannerträger ("The Standard Bearer").
- Artist: Hubert Lanzinger ( $1936$ ).
- Depiction: Hitler portrayed in a heroic/medieval light.
Source A (Antisemitic Children's Literature):
- Book Title: Trau keinem Fuchs auf grüner Heid und keinem Jud auf seinem Eid ("Never Trust a Fox on the Green Heath and Never Trust a Jew by His Oath").
- Author: Elvira Bauer ( $1936$ ).
- Publisher: Stürmer Verlag (Julius Streicher).
- Goal: To promote Nazi racial ideology and caricature Jewish people as "the greatest scoundrel in the whole Reich."
Source B (Antisemitic Visuals):
- Description: Illustration from a $1936$ children's book featuring a sign stating "Jews are not wanted here."