Classification study guide

What does the red circle represent on the cladogram?*

a characteristic of A, B, and C

a common ancestor of A and B

a common ancestor of A and C

a characteristic of A and B

Which picture shows the common ancestor of all organisms in the cladogram?*

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

What trait separates lungfish from other fish like the flounder and perch?*

lungs

vertebrae

molt exoskeleton

amniotic egg

A scientist comes across a green colored organism growing in the forest floor.  How could they determine if the  organism is a fungus or a plant?*

Test to see if it reproduces.

Test to see if it contains mitochondria.

Test to see if it has a cell membrane.

Test to see if cell wall contains chitin.

What characteristics do all viruses have in common?*

They are all living organisms.

They all infect animals only.

They all have RNA/DNA contained in a protein capsule.

They all can be destroyed by antibiotic medication.

What kingdom includes organisms that feed on dead or decaying organic matter?*

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Eubacteria

Choose the true statement.*

None of the domains are related through a common ancestor.

Eukarya (Eukaryota) is more closely related to Bacteria than Archaea.

Eukarya (Eukaryota) is more closely related to Archaea than Bacteria.

Archaea evolved from Bacteria and then Eukarya (Eukaryota) evolved from Archaea

Which of the following traits could be represented by the red line?*

scales

feathers

hair

fur

Why is "Protista" not a true kingdom?*

Protista is a true kingdom.

Some protists are more closely related to bacteria than other protists.

Protists are extinct animals, plants, and fungi.

Explain the endosymbiotic theory.*

Ancient prokaryotes engulfed smaller energy producing and photosynthesizing prokaryotes, and all lived together.

Ancient eukaryotes engulfed smaller prokaryotes and all lived together.

Modern prokaryotes engulfed mitochondria and chloroplasts and all live together.

Modern eukaryotes engulfed mitochondria and chloroplasts and all live together.

The basic structure of a virus includes...*

DNA/RNA enclosed in a cell

DNA/RNA enclosed by a cell wall

DNA/RNA enclosed by a protein coat

DNA/RNA enclosed by a host cell

What trait separates the hagfish from all of the other shown organism?*

backbone

jaws

fur

feathers

What traits do pigeons and mice share?*

feathers, fur, and mammary glands

they don't share any traits

jaws and lungs

feathers

jaws, lungs, claws or nails

Multicellular heterotrophs belong to which domain?*

Archaea

Bacteria

Eukarya

Animalia

A scientist makes the following observations on an unknown specimen: able to mutate (evolve), contains DNA, much smaller than an average bacterial cell, and uses a bacterial cell to make copies of itself.  The scientist is likely looking at a(n) ....*

virus

bacteria

eukaryotic cell

prokaryotic cell

How does this cladogram provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?*

Mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from cyanobacteria.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organisms that share a recent common ancestor.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are their own species.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, evidence that they were once free living organisms.

According to the endosymbiotic theory, the chloroplast organelle evolved from ...*

ancient aerobic bacteria

ancient photosynthesizing cyanobacteria

modern day mitochondria

modern day chloroplasts

Choose all the characteristics of life (you must choose them all correctly)*

growth & development

composed of cells

reproduction

respond to stimuli

maintain homeostasis

have RNA/DNA

evolve

Which domain is made up of prokaryotes with cell walls made up of peptidoglycan?*

Archaea

Eukarya

Eubacteria

How are mitochondria and chloroplasts like modern day prokaryotes?*

They all have double membranes.

They all have a membrane made of chitin.

They are have membrane bound organelles inside.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts live inside modern day prokaryotes.