Joshiro Adeva - Week 11- Lesson 9

Lessons 9 and 10: Earth and Air

Key Objectives

  • Identify and understand KEY words under Greek or Latin roots.

  • Practice pronunciation with diacritical markings.

  • Learn definitions and contextual usage of KEY words.

  • Observe variations in parts of speech and meanings (concrete vs. metaphorical).

  • Explore additional information such as Latin phrases, Challenge Words, and Nota Bene references.

  • Complete exercises to practice vocabulary.

KEY Words (Lesson 9)

  • mountebank

  • repast

  • apogee

  • paramount

  • rustic

  • exhume

  • pastoral

  • rusticate

  • geocentric

  • humus

  • perigee

  • terra cotta

  • inter

  • promontory

  • terrestrial

Vocabulary Details (Page 2)

1. Apogee (ap' a je)

  • Definition:

    • The farthest point in the orbit of a planet or satellite from the earth.

    • The highest point or culmination.

  • Example: At its apogee, the moon's gravitational effect is weakest.

  • Antonym: perigee

2. Geocentric (je' sen' trik)

  • Definition:

    • Relating to the center of the earth.

    • Considering earth as the center of a planetary system.

  • Contextual Example: Aristarchus of Samos challenged geocentric views.

  • Nota Bene: Geocentricism describes an outdated belief; heliocentrism is the accepted theory today.

3. Perigee (per' a je)

  • **Definition: **

    • Closest point in the orbit of a satellite to the earth.

  • Example: There is a 30,000-mile difference between the moon's perigee and apogee.

4. Inter (in)

  • Definition:

    • To bury or place in a grave.

  • Example: The 'interred' bodies were buried in layers.

  • Antonym: disinter

Continuation of Vocabulary (Page 3)

5. Territorialism

  • Definition:

    • An inclination to defend one’s own territory or land.

6. Terra Cotta (ter' a kot a)

  • Definition:

    • A ceramic material, often reddish-brown clay used in pottery and building.

  • Example: University architecture often utilizes colored terra cotta bricks.

7. Terrestrial (to res' tre el)

  • Definition:

    • Related to earth or land.

    • Pertaining to earth’s inhabitants.

  • Example: The terrestrial landscape is resonant with joy despite its harshness.

  • Antonyms: celestial; aquatic

Vocabulary Development (Page 4)

8. Exhume (eg zyoom')

  • Definition:

    • To dig out from the ground or a grave; to uncover.

  • Example: Exhumation allows for medical study of ancient remains.

  • Antonyms: inhume; inter

9. Humus (hyoo' mes)

  • Definition:

    • Rich organic material in soil formed via decay.

  • Example: Humus enriches soil and is crucial for gardening.

10. Mountebank (moun' ta bängk)

  • Definition:

    • A deceptive or fraudulent practitioner; a charlatan.

  • Example: Reputation transformation in entertainment from mountebanks to skilled performers.

Additional Vocabulary (Pages 5-10)

11. Paramount (pär' a mount)

  • Definition:

    • Primary importance; foremost.

  • Example: Women's salaries were a paramount concern in early nursing history.

12. Promontory (prom' en tôr' e)

  • Definition:

    • A raised area of land that juts into a body of water.

  • Example: The grandeur of a promontory serves as a landscape highlight.

13. Pastoral (pas' ta rel)

  • Definition:

    • Relating to rural, agrarian life or idealized rural settings.

  • Examples: The pastoral imagery evokes a peaceful countryside.

14. Repast (ri past')

  • Definition:

    • A meal; food served at a meal.

  • Example: Cultural meals often center around maize.

15. Rustic (rus' tik)

  • Definition:

    • Characteristic of country life; simple and rough.

  • Contextual example: Rural experiences often reflect a rustic lifestyle.

16. Rusticate (rus' ti kät')

  • Definition:

    • To spend time in the countryside.

  • Example: Many urban dwellers enjoy rusticating to escape city life.

Practice Exercises (Selected examples)

  • Exercise 9A: Identify synonyms and antonyms for vocabulary words.

    • Example Synonym: a savory repast - a. dinner

    • Example Antonym: at the satellite's perigee - c. apogee

Review Notes

  • Group words based on ROOTS for better memorization and understanding.

  • Engage actively with vocabulary through speaking, writing, and varied contexts.