WEEK 13-14_PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING (1)

  • "The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed pause." - Mark Twain

  • "Words have incredible power. They can make people’s hearts soar, or they can make people’s hearts sore." - Dr. Mardy Grothe

  • "The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn't said." - Peter Drucker

Principles of Speech Writing

Key Criteria for Speech Writing

  • A great speech relies 90% on great material and 10% on effective delivery.

  • Aim for credibility by capturing attention, logical expression of ideas, and use of reliable evidence.

Topic Selection

How to Choose a Topic

  1. Identify purpose: inform, persuade, entertain, or motivate.

  2. Consider audience interests and demographics.

  3. Brainstorm potential topics.

  4. Evaluate feasibility based on information availability and familiarity.

  5. Narrow down to a specific, broad-enough topic.

Audience Analysis

Key Aspects

  • Understand audience's age, cultural background, education level, and interests.

How to Conduct Analysis

  1. Demographic analysis: gather info on age, gender, etc.

  2. Psychographic analysis: understand values and beliefs through surveys or informal conversations.

  3. Situational analysis: consider context and occasion.

  4. Prior knowledge assessment: gauge audience's existing knowledge on the topic.

  5. Content adaptation based on audience analysis.

Sourcing Information

Effective Practices

  • Use credible sources (primary, secondary, tertiary).

  • Verify the credibility and relevance of sources.

  • Cite sources properly to enhance credibility and avoid plagiarism.

Speech Organization

Structure

  1. Introduction

    • Attention Grabber

    • Thesis Statement

    • Preview of main points

  2. Body

    • Identify main points (2-5).

    • Provide supporting evidence.

    • Use transitions for flow.

  3. Conclusion

    • Recap main points.

    • Reinforce thesis.

    • Memorable closing statement.

Outline Format and Example

  • Use hierarchical structure for organizing speech content.

Duration and Timing

Importance

  • Ensure speech is appropriately timed to maintain attention.

Linguistic Competence

Key Notes

  • Command of language to express ideas effectively.

  • Avoid jargon unless understood by the audience.

  • Use vivid language to create imagery.

Communicative and Grammatical Competence

Communicative Competence

  • Involves linguistic and non-verbal skills.

Grammatical Competence

  • Correct grammar is necessary for clarity and credibility.

Editing Principles for Speech

  1. Edit for focus: ensure central message is clear.

  2. Edit for clarity and conciseness.

  3. Maintain smooth continuity with transitions.

  4. Add variety in tone and style.

  5. Enhance impact and creativity.

Rehearsal

  • Use rehearsal to refine delivery and identify areas for improvement.

  • Read aloud and seek feedback to enhance performance.