Introduction to module

INTRODUCTION TO MODULE REHABILITATION

• Presented by: Dr. Sajida Kamran (PT) BSPT, MSc, MPhil, DPTd

• Position: Assistant Professor at IPR, JSMU

REHABILITATION PROCESS

• Definition: A process aimed at helping a person who has suffered from illness or disease.

• Objective: Gather information on the basic principles of rehabilitation to be discussed in future lectures.

OBJECTIVES OF THE LECTURE

• Introduction to rehabilitation.

• Understanding of principles of rehabilitation.

• Explore types of rehabilitation.

• Identify benefits of rehabilitation.

• Discuss the rehabilitation team.

LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR 4TH YEAR MBBS STUDENTS

Vague Objectives Before Session:

• Basic concepts of rehabilitation.

• Process of dealing with patients in rehabilitation.

Clear Objectives After Session:

• Discuss basics of rehabilitation.

• Describe principles, benefits, and types of rehabilitation processes.

• Explain patient interactions in rehabilitation programs.

WHO DEFINITION OF REHABILITATION

• Quote: "Rehabilitation or rehab is the combined and coordinated use of the medical, social, educational, and vocational measures to train and re-train the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability."

UNDERSTANDING REHABILITATION

• Intervention Set: Rehabilitation involves necessary interventions for individuals facing limitations due to health conditions, injuries, or aging.

• Functioning Limitations: Challenges may include difficulties in thinking, communication, mobility, and maintaining relationships or jobs.

REHABILITATION AS A PERSON-CENTERED STRATEGY

• Delivering rehabilitation through specialized programs tailored to individual needs.

PREVENTION CONCEPTS

PRIMARY PREVENTION

• Objective: Prevent disease or injury before occurrence.

• Strategies:

  • Prevent exposure to hazards (e.g., banning harmful products).

  • Education on healthy practices (e.g., nutrition, exercise).

  • Vaccinations against diseases.

SECONDARY PREVENTION

• Objective: Reduce impact of disease or injury already occurred.

• Strategies:

  • Detect and treat diseases early (e.g., mammograms).

  • Encourage personal strategies to avoid reinjury.

  • Implement programs for recovery to original health (e.g., modified work).

TERTIARY PREVENTION

• Objective: Alleviate effects of ongoing illness or injury.

• Strategies:

  • Management of long-term health problems to enhance quality of life.

  • Programs for cardiac rehabilitation, chronic disease management, and vocational rehabilitation.

PRINCIPLES OF REHABILITATION

• Start rehabilitation upon first patient contact.

• Focus on improving patient capabilities and fostering independence.

• Patient participation is key for successful rehabilitation.

• Skill development within a therapeutic environment is crucial.

• Every patient has a right to rehabilitation services.

EXAMPLES OF INTERVENTIONS

• Exercises for swallowing or limb coordination post-stroke.

• Safety modifications for older adults to reduce fall risks.

• Early interventions for children with disabilities to enhance participation in activities.

• Post-surgical exercises for hip fracture recovery.

TYPES OF REHABILITATION

MEDICAL REHABILITATION

• Restores skills lost due to illness/injury.

SOCIAL REHABILITATION

• Rebuilds social connections and integrates individuals back into the community.

EDUCATIONAL REHABILITATION

• Provides specialized training (e.g., Braille, sign language).

PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION

• Focuses on restoring dignity and confidence.

PHYSICAL REHABILITATION

• Aids recovery from serious health events through mobility and strength exercises.

OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION

• Adapts workplace strategies to restore functionality and facilitate daily living tasks.

SPEECH/SWALLOW REHAB THERAPY

• Targets oral deficits to improve speech clarity and swallowing.

COGNITIVE REHABILITATION THERAPY

• Programs aimed at restoring cognitive functions lost due to injury or other impairments.

VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION

• Services designed to help individuals secure and retain employment post-disability.

BENEFITS OF REHABILITATION

• Supports recovery from injuries and chronic conditions.

• Provides strategies for self-management and pain alleviation.

• Aids in maintaining mobility and enhancing strength.

• Helps restore functionality in daily activities and community access.

MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT REHABILITATION

• Rehabilitation is not limited to individuals with disabilities; it is for anyone facing health challenges.

• Misconceptions around the services provided and the nature of rehabilitation need addressing.

REHABILITATION TEAM ROLES

• Includes: Physiatrists, Physiotherapists, Occupational Therapists, Speech Therapists, Psychologists, Social Workers, and various specialists tailored to the patient's needs.