vocab

peptide bond - a type of covalent bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid & the amino group of another amino acid

• is very stable (cuz it’s a covalent bond)

dipeptide - two amino acids that’re connected through a peptide bond

polypeptide - more than one amino acids, which’re connected through a peptide bond

essential amino acids - amino acids that can’t be synthesized by the human body, & are obtained through food

non-essential amino acids - amino acids that are produced by the body through the breakdown of other amino acids

denaturation - process where the structure of a protein is altered, causing it to lose its function, usually permanently

• is caused by pH & temperature

non-conjugated proteins - proteins that are only composed of amino acids

• ex: collagen

conjugated proteins - proteins that’re composed of amino acids & non-protein components, such as carbs or metal ions

• ex: haemoglobin

globular proteins - a structure of protein that’s spherical in shape

• i think its spherical shape is due to the hydrophilic amino acids facing the water, and the hydrophobic amino acids facing the interior

  • means its water-soluble

• ex: insulin

fibrous proteins - a structure of protein that’s longer & has a narrow shape

• provides strength and stability to tissues and cells

• ex: collagen