DT

Composite Materials

Overview

  • Composite materials enhance properties by combining multiple materials.

  • Types include:

    • Fibre-based composites

    • Particle-based composites

    • Sheet-based composites

Learning Outcomes

  • Understand the names and classifications of composites.

  • Grasp the performance characteristics of different composites.

  • Identify suitable applications for various composites.

  • Recognize common composite-based products and their benefits.

Types of Composites

Categories

  • Fibre-based: Reinforced with fibers (e.g., Fiberglass, Carbon Fibre).

  • Particle-based: Reinforced with particles (e.g., Concrete, Cermets).

  • Sheet-based: Made from board materials (e.g., MDF, Plywood).

Characteristics of Composites

  • Good strength-to-weight ratio.

  • Resistance to corrosion and fatigue.

  • Low thermal expansion.

Fibre-Based Composites

Glass Fibre

  • Glass fibers are coated for better bonding with resin.

  • Produces Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP).

  • Requires a mold for production; can include internal reinforcements.

Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)

  • Popular in high-performance items like F1 car bodies.

  • Carbon fibers are woven and then shaped and baked with resin.

Kevlar

  • Very strong; used in protective gear and sports equipment.

  • Properties include high chemical resistance and flame resistance.

Particle-Based Composites

Concrete

  • Made from aggregates, sand, and cement; can be enhanced with glass fibers.

  • Properties: moldable, strong in compression, and can be cast on-site.

Cermets

  • Mixture of metal and ceramic particles (e.g., Tungsten Carbide).

  • Used in cutting tools; tough and shock resistant.

Sheet-Based Composites

  • Include manufactured boards like Plywood and MDF.

Applications of Composites

Examples of Replaced Materials

  • Kitchen Knives: Ceramic edges improve durability.

  • Flooring: Chipboard and MDF replace traditional wooden planks.

  • Bicycle Frames: High-grade frames now use Carbon Fibre for performance.

Summary

  • Composites improve material properties.

  • Include various categories, with distinct applications and benefits over traditional materials.

Revision Notes

  • Understand ten categories of materials, including composites, textiles, glass, and ceramics.

  • Each material category has specific applications; remember to name examples, avoiding generic terms.