Chapter one: place studies

London Docklands regeneration (1981)

Type of regeneration

  • a UDC (urban development coorporation)

  • LDDC (London dockland development coorporation), set up by the government

History of the area

  • after ww2 was the busiest docks in the world; 150,000 workers

  • 6 million tonnes entered the docks each year

  • closed due to containerisation

  • 8 miles sq in size

  • urban decline due to deindustrialisation

Description of regeneration project

  • bring land and buildings into effective use

  • develop existing and new industry and commerce

  • create an attractive environment for investment

  • done by; land ownership, planning powers and entering into contracts

Economic impacts

Problems;

  • 83,000 jobs lost

  • high unemployment

  • no commercial infastructure

Solutions;

  • London City Airport

  • 90,000 new jobs

  • Canary Wharf

  • 22,000 new homes (including luxury housing)

  • improved 8,000 existing houses

Social impacts

Problems;

  • declining population

Solutions;

  • population = 85,000

  • O2 arena

  • high wealth

  • Docklands light railway

  • links to M11

  • sport centres

  • university campus

Environmental impacts

Problems;

  • derelict buildings

  • pollution

Solutions;

  • derelict buildings cleaned up

  • water cleaned

  • lots of parks and green space

Hulme City Challenge regeneration (1992)

Type of regeneration

  • A city Challenge Partnership Scheme; between government and local council, as well as housing companies (Guiness Trust) and local people

History

  • deindustrialisation

  • decentralisation

  • counter urbanisation

slum housing

Hulme Cressants (1960’s)

  • low population

  • crime

  • unemployment

  • vermin

  • 30x more likely to be mugged or murdered

  • 60% on benefits

  • vandalism

Description of regeneration project

  • deck access flats were demolished and replaced with a mix of house types, this process was phased meaning people weren’t displaced

  • bottom up

  • community involvement

Economic impacts

  • unemployment fell

  • jobs in retail created

  • modern shopping facilities

  • 2 new business parks (Birley Fields)

Social impacts

  • new houses; different types and tenure

  • crime fell

  • improved education results; but still bad for Manchester

  • some young professionals moved in

  • 60 new community facilities; libary, Zion Centre, health centre and adult education centre

Environmental impacts

  • green space (Hulme park)

  • energy efficent houses

  • buildings are south facing to maximise solar gains

New Islington (2002)

Type of regeneration

  • Sustainable Community Scheme

History

Cardroom Estate

  • crime

  • high unemployment

  • low income

  • 1960’s product of slum clearing

  • no through roads / houses face away from the street

  • difficult to police

  • insufficent custom for businesses

  • primary school closure

Description of regeneration project

  • quality homes for sale/to rent, at a price people can afford

  • protect green open space

  • enjoy a well designed, accessible and pleasantly living environment

  • fairly/effectively governed

  • Chips Building

Economic impacts

  • Chips building; health centre on first floor creates jobs

  • tram stop

Social Impacts

  • created homes, restored mills into apartments

  • Chips building; health centre and apartments

  • affordable houses/flats/studios

  • new schools

Environmental impacts

  • marina; cleaned up so people can live there

  • planted trees

  • new parks