THE ARTS

THE ARTS

defined as “specific activities that produce sensitivity in humans” and also referred to as “bringing together all creative and imaginative activities, without including science”

  • VISUAL ARTS - art forms that create works that are primarily visual
    • fine arts
    • applied arts
    • decorative arts
    • contemporary arts
  • LITERARY ARTS - art that makes language a medium
    • Fiction
    • drama
    • poetry
    • prose
  • PERFORMING ARTS - these are forms of creative activity that are performed in front of an audience.
    • music
    • dance
    • theatre/drama
  • CULINARY ARTS - are the culinary arts of food preparation, cooking, and presentation of food, usually in the form of meals.
    • cooking
    • chocolate making
    • winemaking

VISUAL ARTS:

FINE ARTS - created for aesthetic purposes and judged for their beauty and meaningfulness.

  • Drawings - defined as a two-dimensional medium where an image is depicted on a flat surface by making lines and areas of tone through shading.

    Line and shading are created most by using ink, pencil, crayon, pastels, charcoal, and chalk. Watercolor pencils can also be used to create a more painterly effect in a drawing.

    As with paintings, drawings are one of the oldest art forms in history and can be traced back to prehistoric times. Before the advent of paper in the ==14th century,== drawings were made on parchment, and silver was also used to make under-drawings.

    Drawings were and still is a popular method for artists to create preparatory studies. Examples of preparatory studies are often a good way to see the artist’s initial observations and ideas before they commit to the final markings in their work.

  • Paintings - a two-dimensional art form that is made up of layers of pigments applied onto a surface.

    The surface where the pigment is applied varies from stone (used in the Paleolithic Age) to paper, wood, cloth, and canvas.

    The first paintings were discovered in Southwest France in the Lascaux caves from the Upper Paleolithic Age, around 40,000 to 10,000 years ago, which shows that painting is one of the oldest art forms that exist.

    Materials used to create the pigments change. During the Paleolithic Age, colored earth was used, then plant extracts, and more recently synthetic colors. There are many types of paintings, but amongst the well-known are oil, acrylic, pastel, spray paintings, and watercolor.

  • Printmaking - a two-dimensional art form created by an impression made by a method involving a transfer from one surface to another

    All types of prints come in multiple (except monotypes) to form an edition. since the late 19th century, artists tend to identify each print with a number and signature. It is common practice for the maker to produce a limited edition of the image. The tools used to make the print are often destroyed once the edition has been completed.

    The earliest example of a printmaking technique is “woodcut”, which is a type of relief print developed in the Far East. Relief Prints are made up of recessed areas so that the raised parts remaining can be inked and used to create an impression. This type of print is created using wood, linocut, and metal cut.

  • Sculpture - for the most part, 3D artworks are created by shaping and molding materials - typically marble, metal, glass, wood, and bronze. Often painted but loses its paint over time.

    2D forms exist, where the object is not fully detached from its background, which is described as relief carving. Often relief carving is used to depict a scene with many figures interacting on a detailed landscape.

    The earliest examples of sculpture date back to the Upper Paleolithic period (40,000 to 10,000 years ago). During this period, stone and ivory were used to create small female figures. It wasn’t until the Greeks used bronze casting that life-size figures were represented in sculpture.

    4 well-known techniques to make sculptures are ==carving, modeling, assemblage, and casting.==

  • Photography - the art of producing an image of an object on a photographic film. The way the image is captured with the use of light differs from photographer to photographer.

    • comes from the Greek words phos “light” and graphis “stylus” or “paintbrush” together it means “drawing with light” or “representation using lines” or “drawing”.

    Different types of photography: fashion photography, wildlife photography, food photography, wedding photography, etc.

APPLIED ARTS - the application of design and aesthetics to objects of function and everyday use.

  • Architecture - the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is the process of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing buildings or other structures.

  • Fashion Design - the art of applying design, aesthetics, clothing construction, and natural beauty to clothing and its accessories. Influenced by culture and different trends and has varied over time and place.

  • Industrial Design - the process of design applied to physical products that are to be manufactured by mass production. It is the creative act of determining and defining a product’s form and features, which takes place in advance of the manufacture or production of the product.

  • Interior Design - the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the people using the space.

    An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such enhancement projects.

DECORATIVE ARTS - arts or crafts whose object is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional.

Applied arts largely overlap with decorative arts, and the modern making of applied art is usually called design. The decorative arts are often categorized in distinction from the “fine arts”.

  • Ceramic Art - a term used to describe decorative objects made out of clay or similar natural materials. It may take forms including artistic pottery, tableware, tiles, figurines, and other sculpture.

  • Metal Work- the process of shaping and reshaping metals to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large-scale structures.

  • Jewelry - involves the design of intricate pieces of jewelry from metals, wood, or plastic. Metals that are primarily used for designing jewelry are gold, silver, platinum, copper, etc. Jewelry design also incorporates precious and semi-precious stones for its execution.

    CONTEMPORARY ARTS - refers to the art produced today. The exact starting point of the genre is still debated; however, many art historians consider the late 1960s or early 1970s (the end of modern art, or modernism) to be an adequate estimate.

  • Assemblage - a form of 3D or 2D visual art whose compositions are formed from everyday objects which are ‘found’ by the artist.

  • Conceptual Art- the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. It means that all the planning and decisions are made beforehand, and the execution is a perfunctory affair. The idea becomes a machine that makes the art (Sol LeWitt)

  • Installation Art - an artistic genre of 3D works that are often site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space.

  • Performance art - a nontraditional art form often with political or topical themes that typically features a live presentation to an audience or onlookers (as on a street) and draws on such arts as acting, poetry, music, dance, or painting.

    In which art is presented “live”, usually by the artist but sometimes with collaborators or performers.

  • New Media Art - includes artworks designed and produced by means of electronic media technologies, comprising virtual art, computer graphics, computer animation, digital art, interactive art, sound art, internet art, video games, robotics, 3D printing, and cyborg art.

PERFORMING ARTS

  • Music - is defined as the art of arranging sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise expressive content.

    Different types of music forms: classical, rock, jazz, country, soul, etc.

  • Dance - moving the body in a particular sequence to music is called dancing and there are many forms of dance. A particular dance form can be from a particular region or country that has the steps and movement to a particular type of music prevalent there.

    Different types: Ballet dancing, Ballroom dancing, Salsa, Tango, Line dancing, Tap dancing, Belly dancing, Latin dancing, Flamenco dancing, and Hip Hop dancing.

  • Drama - is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage.

    Different types: Tragedy, Traditional tragedies, Modern Tragedies, Tragicomedy, Melodrama, Musical.

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