ALL UNITS 2

Here’s a structured breakdown of key concepts from the PowerPoint presentation, organized for teaching purposes:

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### Unit 1: The Nature of Communication

Key Concepts:

1. Definition of Communication:

- Derived from Latin "communis" (to share).

- Ang (2004): Transmission of messages via verbal/nonverbal cues.

- Wood (2004): Dynamic, systematic, irreversible process creating meaning through symbolic interactions.

2. Functions of Communication:

- Interaction, information sharing, self-understanding, influencing attitudes, decision-making.

3. Obstacles to Effective Communication:

- Noise: Internal (distractions), External (environmental), Semantic (language barriers).

- Tips to Overcome: Clarity of purpose, adherence to Grice’s Maxims (Quality, Quantity, Relevance, Manner).

Teaching Activity:

- Discussion: "How might semantic noise affect a doctor-patient conversation? Provide examples."

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### Unit 2: The Communication Process

Key Models & Levels:

1. Levels of Communication:

- Intrapersonal (self-reflection), Interpersonal (small groups), Public (speeches), Mass (media broadcasts).

- Example: "A news broadcast about a typhoon is Mass Communication."

2. Communication Models:

- Aristotelian: Speaker → Message → Audience (e.g., political speech).

- Shannon-Weaver: Includes "noise" as a disruptor.

- Schramm’s: Emphasizes feedback loops (e.g., team meeting discussions).

Teaching Activity:

- Quiz: Match scenarios to communication levels (e.g., "Two friends chatting in a café" → Interpersonal).

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### Unit 3: Nonverbal Communication

Key Categories & Examples:

1. Types of Nonverbal Cues:

- Sign Language: ASL gestures (e.g., "I Love You" hand sign).

- Proxemics: Personal space (intimate: 0-18 inches; public: 12+ feet).

- Paralanguage: Tone/pitch (how something is said).

2. Functions: Repeating, contradicting, or substituting verbal messages.

Teaching Activity:

- Role-Play: Students demonstrate nonverbal cues (e.g., crossing arms to show defensiveness) and analyze their impact.

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### Unit 5: Effective Listening

Key Points:

1. Hearing vs. Listening:

- Hearing: Passive; Listening: Active (requires interpretation).

2. Types of Listening:

- Critical (evaluating), Empathic (emotional understanding).

3. Barriers: Auditory fatigue, masking (competing sounds).

Teaching Activity:

- Listening Inventory: Students complete statements like, "I become a better listener when…" to self-reflect.

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### Assessment Ideas

1. Quiz:

- "Identify the communication level: A mayor’s speech to students about job opportunities." (**Public Communication**)

2. Essay:

- "Compare verbal and nonverbal communication. When might a frown convey more than words?"

Engagement Tip: Use the "clap three times" instruction from Prelim Quiz 1 as an icebreaker to demonstrate the importance of clear instructions.

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This breakdown ensures clarity, engagement, and practical application of communication theories. Adjust activities based on class dynamics!

# Comprehensive Quiz Bee Reviewer: Oral Communication

Prepared by: [Your Name]

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## Unit 1: The Nature of Communication

### Key Concepts & Definitions

1. Communication – Derived from Latin ‘communis’ (to share).

- Ang (2004): Transmission of messages via verbal & nonverbal cues.

- Wood (2004): Dynamic, systematic, irreversible, proactive process.

- McCornack (2014): Sharing messages across channels, cultures.

2. Functions of Communication:

- Interaction, information, understanding, persuasion, decision-making.

3. Obstacles to Communication:

- Noise Types: Internal (thoughts), External (environment), Semantic (word meaning).

- Overcoming Tips: Clarity, purpose, Grice’s Maxims (Quality, Quantity, Relevance, Manner).

**Memory Aid:** "DISC" – Dynamic, Irreversible, Systematic, Contextual (Wood’s definition).

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## Unit 2: The Communication Process

### Levels of Communication

1. Intrapersonal – Self-reflection (e.g., Maria reflecting on feedback).

2. Interpersonal – Small group (e.g., café conversation).

3. Public – Speaker to audience (e.g., mayor’s speech).

4. Mass – Media broadcast (e.g., typhoon warning).

5. Organizational – Workplace (e.g., HR policy meeting).

6. Intercultural – Cross-cultural (e.g., Filipino student in Germany).

7. Development – Progress-focused (e.g., village health workshop).

Quiz Tip: Match scenarios to levels (e.g., "Slack messages" = Organizational).

### Communication Models

1. Aristotelian: Speaker → Message → Audience (One-way).

- Example: Politician’s campaign speech.

2. **Lasswell’s:** Who → Says What → In Which Channel → To Whom → Effect.

- Example: Health Dept. social media PSA.

3. Shannon-Weaver: Sender → Encoder → Channel → Decoder → Receiver (+Noise/Feedback).

4. Schramm’s: Emphasizes shared field of experience for mutual understanding.

5. Berlo’s SMCR: Source → Message → Channel → Receiver (+Encoding/Decoding).

**Memory Aid:** "LASER" – Lasswell, Aristotelian, Shannon-Weaver, Schramm, Berlo.

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## Unit 3: Nonverbal Communication

### Key Definitions

- Nonverbal Cues: Enhance, contradict, or replace verbal messages (Ang, 2005).

- De Vito’s 7 Universals: Contextual, package, more credible than verbal, metacommunicational.

### Categories & Examples

1. Sign Language: ASL gestures (e.g., "I Love You" = thumb + pinky + index).

2. Object Language: Clothing, jewelry (e.g., uniform = authority).

3. Action Language: Body movements (e.g., crossed arms = defensiveness).

4. Proxemics:

- Intimate (0–18"), Personal (18"–4'), Social (4–12'), Public (12'+).

5. Paralanguage: Tone, pitch (e.g., sarcasm).

Functions: Repeating, substituting, complementing, accenting.

**Memory Aid:** "SPACE" – Sign, Proxemics, Action, Context, Eye contact.

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## Unit 5: Effective Listening

### Key Facts

- Hearing vs. Listening: Passive (hearing) vs. Active (listening).

- Listening Effectiveness: Drops to 25% after 48 hours (Steil).

### 4 Types of Listening:

1. Appreciative – For enjoyment (e.g., music).

2. Critical – Evaluate/judge (e.g., debates).

3. Comprehensive – Understand (e.g., lectures).

4. Empathic – Emotional support (e.g., counseling).

Auditory Processing Terms:

- Masking: Overlapping sounds reduce clarity.

- Auditory Fatigue: Temporary hearing reduction post-loud noise.

**Memory Aid:** "ACE" – Appreciative, Critical, Empathic.

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## Strategic Tips for Quiz Bee

1. Prioritize Models & Levels: These are frequent quiz topics.

2. Nonverbal Cues: Remember "SPACE" for quick recall.

3. Scenarios: Identify keywords (e.g., "Slack" → Organizational).

4. Listen for Opposites: "Passive" = hearing; "Active" = listening.

Quick Reference:

- Grice’s Maxims: Be truthful (Quality), concise (Quantity), relevant (Relevance), clear (Manner).

- Proxemics: Intimate < Personal < Social < Public.

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Good luck! Communicate with confidence! 🎤