Research Methods in Philippine Context

Preface

  • Introduction to the importance of culture in the context of research methods in the Philippines.
    • Edited by Leonardo N. Mercado.

Part One: Keynote Speech

  • Toward the Filipinization of Research Methods in the Behavioral Sciences by Leslie E. Bauzon.
    • Emphasizes adapting research methods to the Filipino context.

Part Two: Foundations

  • In Search of Theory: Some Problems in Philippine Studies by Resil B. Mojares.
  • Philosophy of Knowledge in the Philippines by Leonardo N. Mercado.
    • Discusses the epistemological foundations of knowledge in the Philippines.

Part Three: Quantitative Methods

  • The Survey Method by Norma C. Ricafort.
    • Explains the design and implementation of surveys tailored for the Filipino context.
  • The Experimental and Statistical Methods by Fredegusto David.
    • Focuses on quantitative tools and their applications in behavioral research.

Part Four: Qualitative Methods

  • The Case Study in Anthropological Research by Marcelino N. Maceda.
  • Ethnographic Description by F. Landa Jocano.
    • Highlights the significance of qualitative research methods in understanding culture.
  • The Ethnolinguistic Method: Past and Future Uses for Research in the Philippines by Andrew B. Gonzalez.
    • Focuses on historical developments and the adaptation of methodology for cultural studies.
    • Emphasizes the transformation from natural history to ethnographic methods.

Historical Development of the Ethnolinguistic Method

  • Nineteenth Century Approaches:
    • Early research focused on comparative linguistics and anthropology.
    • Influences of natural history and philology in studying languages and cultures.
  • Transition in Early 20th Century:
    • Shift towards participant observation and qualitative methods stemming from the works of Franz Boas and others.

The Ethnolinguistic Method in the Philippines

  • Contributions by early explorers and missionaries who documented languages and cultures, highlighting their challenges and insights.
  • Importance of grammatical texts as cultural documents capturing linguistic and cultural history.
  • Impact of American anthropologists in the 20th century revitalizing ethnographic studies in the Philippines.

Techniques Used in the Ethnolinguistic Method

  • Linguistic Analysis Techniques:
    • Phonemics, morphology, syntax, semantics, discourse, comparative method, and dialect mapping.
  • Applications of Techniques:
    • Understanding cultural phenomena through linguistic study and the development of disciplines such as ethnoscience and ethnohistory.
  • Interdisciplinary Approaches:
    • Combining linguistics with anthropology, history, and cultural studies to gain holistic insights.

Implications for Indigenization of Social Sciences

  • Filipinization of Research:
    • Emphasizes the need for local scholars to lead research efforts to cultivate indigenous perspectives in social sciences.
  • Indigenous Models:
    • Advocates for the establishment of models that reflect Filipino realities rather than relying on foreign paradigms.
  • Future Directions:
    • Calls for sustained and intensive research in specialized areas to foster critical inquiry and model-building relevant to Philippine society.

Conclusion

  • Highlights the importance of adapting research methodologies to local cultural contexts for effective social science study in the Philippines, signaling a call for comprehensive integration of indigenous methods and theories.