new helath si 20

Digestive Sysem 

  • Compare & contrast mechanical vs chemical digestions

    • Mechanical digestion involves chewing foods to break it down into smaller pieces then the chemical digestion is breaking down large molecules into smaller substances by using enzymes.


  • Compare and contrast small intestine vs large intestines

    • Most nutrients from foods get absorbed from the small intestine then the large intestine absorbs water and exciting feces from the body.


Excretory System 

  • Kidney Disorders & their treatments

    • Infections - This leads to searing the kidney tissues leading to permanent damage (anti-biotics)

    • Nephritis - Inflammation or painful swelling of the goleruli like blood in urine (need medical treatments)

    • Kidney Stones - Crystallized solid calcium shape like stones, painful when urinating and requring surgery to remove the


  • What is dialysis? When is it necessary

    • A procedure when a artifical kidney machner filters out waste and toxins from the blood, must be done 3 times a week and takes 3-4 hours.


Nervous System

  • How does a neuron work

    • Nerve fibers called dendrites which carry signals to the cell body


  • List and describe 2 neurotransmitters

    • Sensory Nerves - Carry messages from all parts of the vody to the brain and spinal cord

    • Interneurons - Carry and interpret both sensory and motor messages


Digestive System

  • Describe in detail path of food through digestive system

    • Mouth: Chewing + saliva (starts digestion).

    • Esophagus: Swallowed food travels down.

    • Stomach: Mixes with acid and enzymes (digests proteins).

    • Small Intestine: Absorbs nutrients using bile and enzymes.

    • Large Intestine: Removes water, forms waste.

    • Rectum/Anus: Waste exits.






Excretory System 

  • Descrbe in detail how urine is produced in kidneys

    • Filtration (Kidneys): Blood filters in the glomerulus, forming filtrate.

    • Reabsorption (Tubules): Important stuff (like water) is taken back into the blood.

    • Secretion (Tubules): Extra ions/toxins are added to the filtrate.

    • Urine Formation: Urine travels through ureters to the bladder, then exits via the urethra.


Nervous System

  • Describe the roles of each branc of the nervous system

    • CNS (Central Nervous System): Brain (thinking, emotions) + Spinal Cord (reflexes, signals).

    • PNS (Peripheral Nervous System):

    • Somatic: Voluntary (moving muscles).

    • Autonomic:

      • Sympathetic: Fight-or-flight (stress response).

      • Parasympathetic: Rest-and-digest (calms body).