Amino acid metabolism-Serine

  • non-essential
  • glucogenic

synthesis of serine

  • glycine (by reversal of serine hydroxymethyl transferase)
  • glycolytic intermediate (3-phosphoglycerate)
    • 3-phosphoglycerate → 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase → 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → (aminotransferse)(==PLP==) 3-phosphoserine → phosphoserine phosphatase → serine

Catabolism of serine

  • conversion to glycine, then cleaved to CO2 & NH3
  • pyruvate (by serine 2 dehydratase reaction) (non-oxidative deamination)

Functions and derivatives

  • pyruvate (acid)
  • carbon skeleton of cysteine
  • forms glycine
  • synth. of ceramide
  • synth. ethanolamine (by 5-decarboxylation) = choline
  • essential for synthesis of phospholipids (a lipotropic factor)
  • source for one carbon moiety to ==THF== (by hydroxymethyl transferase reaction)
  • OH site of covalent modification of enzyme activity
    • glycogen synthase
    • glycogen phosphorylase
    • hormone sensitive lipase