Organ Systems

Cardiovascular

  • Major Organs: Heart, blood vessels, blood, bone marrow

  • System Functions: Transport chemicals and heat throughout body, provide defense, clot blood, regulate fluid, electrolyte and pH balance

Digestive (Alimentary)

  • Major Organs: Mouth, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, large intestine, gallbladder

  • System Functions: Simplify food particles into their basic components to enale nutrient absorption into blood, eliminates waste

Endocrine

  • Major Organs: Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries (female sex), testes (male sex), pineal gland, hypothalamus

  • System Functions: Produce hormones, direct internal communication and coordination

Integumentary

  • Major Organs: Skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands

  • System Functions: Protect the body, prevent fluid loss, regulate temperature, produce vitamin D, detect stimuli

Lymphoid

  • Major Organs: Spleen, bone marrow, thymus, tonsils, lumph nodes, lymphoid tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph

  • System Functions: Protect the body from foreign particles and cells, remove dead and diseased cells, transport lipids to blood, remove excess tissue fluid and return it to blood

Muscular:

  • Major Organs: Skeletal Muscles

  • System Functions: Move the body, maintain posture, produce heat, control body openings

Nervous:

  • Major Organs: Brain, spinal chord, nerves, ganglia, sensory receptors, special sense organs (like eyes, ears)

  • System Functions: Detect stimuli, process sensory information, control motor response, direct internal communication and coordination

Reproductive

  • Major Organs:

    • Male Sex- testes, epididymides, ductus deferentes, urethra, penis, prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands

    • Female Sex- ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands

  • System Functions: Produce sex cells for fertilization to create a new human, produce sex hormones, serve as site of embryonic and fetal development (female sex), nourish offspring (female sex)

Respiratory

  • Major Organs: Nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

  • System Functions: Exchange gases between blood and air, produce sound, regulate blood pH

Skeletal

  • Major Organs: Bones, associated cartillages and ligaments, bone marrow

  • System Functions: support and protect softer body parts, store minerals, produce formed elements

Urinary

  • Major Organs: Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

  • System Functions: Maintain water, electrolyte, and pH balance, eliminate nitrogenous wastes, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, stimulate red blood cell production, detoxify chemicals