SOL-USMAN-MSTC-TERMS

Mathematics, Surveying, Transportation Engineering, Construction and Methods - Definitions and Key Concepts

Aggregate Tests and Properties

  • Crushing Test: Evaluates the hardness of aggregate materials.

  • Los Angeles Abrasion Test: Assesses weathering resistance.

  • Soundness Test: Measures shape durability under conditions affecting their physical state.

  • Angularity Test: Determines strength based on particle angularity.

Hazard Control Mechanisms

  • Engineering Controls: Replace or physically modify a work environment to reduce risks.

  • Elimination (B): Most effective method of hazard control which involves removing hazards completely.

  • Administrative Controls: Implementing policies and procedures to limit exposure to hazards.

Safety Protocols

  • Safety Signage and Devices: Must be posted in accessible language to make workers and the public aware of workplace hazards.

Worker Designations

  • Construction Safety and Health Officer: A designated individual responsible for implementing safety programs in compliance with OSHS provisions.

Road Surface Dynamics

  • When traveling a path longer than the circumferential movement of tires, the tires experience slipping, leading to a loss of traction.

Types of Curves in Road Design

  • Sag Curve: A vertical curve indicating a negative slope followed by a positive slope.

  • Crest Curve: A vertical curve indicating a positive slope followed by a negative slope.

Cost Analysis of Accidents

  • An example described the iceberg model where indirect costs outstrip direct costs, highlighting medicinal and overhead expenses as indirect costs.

Types of Building Uses

  • Occupancy: Classification based on usage type of a building, affecting safety and legal requirements.

Transportation Engineering Terms

  • Freehaul Distance: The distance specified in contracts that allows dirt transport without additional charges.

  • Harmful Effects: Maximum distance for transporting soil material without incurring extra costs in contracts.

Superpave Design Mixture Characteristics

  • A superpave mixture for highways should meet specified standards for air voids, VMA, VFA, and dust to binder ratios. Excessive VMA can be problematic.

Verticals in Construction

  • Floating: Process for achieving true grade on a concrete.

  • Leveling: Modification for achieving proper surface height with mortar.

Safety Program Requirements

  • All construction must adhere to a Construction Safety and Health Program, aligning with DOLE rules and regulations.

Soil Mechanics

  • Grouting: Process of injecting materials into soil/rock to stabilize or enhance properties.

  • Compaction: Increasing soil density through water expulsion from voids.

Quality Control in Materials

  • Hardness: Resistance to indentations, a crucial property in material choices for construction.

Traffic Capacity and Safety

  • Traffic Flow Capacity: Expected number of vehicles on roadways indicating efficient transportation flow.

Safety in Construction Design

  • Protective System: Includes various excavating support methods to prevent cave-ins.

Wave Dynamics in Civil Engineering

  • Waves generated through wind drag represent energy transfer, vital for coastal engineering assessments.

Measurement and Surveying Procedures

  • Techniques such as zenith angle measurement require leveling instruments and precise sighting to maintain accuracy.

Calculating Construction Time and Scheduling

  • Critical Path Method: Involves careful planning of activities, maximizing efficiency through duration evaluations.

Structural Engineering Terms

  • Load Capacity: Evaluates safe weight distribution under diverse conditions.

  • Material Flexibility: An important factor in material selection for structural integrity in coastal contexts.