Specialised plant cells

Guard cells and stomata: Guard cells open stoma (plural stomata) up in order to let vital gases in and unwanted gases out.

Photosynthetic cells: As not all cells are near the surface of plants, it means not all of them need chloroplast. The cells near the surface, such as in the stem and leaf, have chloroplast, which contain chlorophyll, thus making them green. They help perform photosynthesis; Carbon dioxide + Water + Sunlight →Glucose + Oxygen

Conducting cells: Xylem and phloem cells are like the plants arteries. Water is transported from the root to the leaves via xylem, and post-photosynthesis, the phloem is used to transport the nutrients back to the root.

Root hairs: Water comes into plants from the soil through roots of plants have extensions called root hairs. Increases the surface area of the root by a large amount. An increased surface area means more root in contact with soil, more water.

Structural Cells: The cell wall acts as a skeleton for the plants. When plants grow, they become bigger and heavier. Then their skeleton needs to get stronger. The cell walls of many cells, especially the water-conducting cells in the plant system become thicker and stronger, providing more support.