Biology Test #2 Section 4

Macromolecule: a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer. (provide structural support, a source of stored fuel, the ability to store and retrieve genetic information, and the ability to speed biochemical reactions.)

Polymer: a polymer is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules,

Carboyhydrates: They're the body's primary source of energy and the brain's preferred energy source

lipids: (fats, Oils, waxes)

Tryglceride structure: glycerol head/ 3 fatty tails

Saturated fat: Solid at room temperature/ covered in hydrogens/ straight tails/ butter/ tropical oils

unsaturated fat: liquid at room temperature/ missing hydrogens/ kinked tails

hydrogenated fat: (also known as trans fats) manufactured fats, where they add hydrogens to unsaturated fat, to keep it solid at room temperature and stop it from going bad.

phospholipid: All living things membrane are made of phosolypids. Stucture consists of a phosphate head and two fatty acid tails.

Steriods go under what class of macromolecule: lipids ( Cholestrol, estrogen, testosterone)

What are proteins made of: amino acids

what kind of structures can proteins form: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.

function of proteins: collagen is a protein that gives structure for our hair, nails, skin/ cellular communication/ helps repair and build your body's tissues

Deoxyribonucleic acid (Dna): Found in nucleus of cell, DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce

Ribonucleic acid (rna): RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes.

Adenosine triphosphate (atp): principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells.

Structural components of DNA: Adenine + Thymine Guanine+ cytosine