Revision_on_INF201_Principles_of_Information_Systems

Revision on Lecture 01

Q1) Discriminate between “Data” and “Information”

  • Data: Basic descriptions without organization.

  • Information: Organized data that provides meaning and value.

Q2) Define “System”

  • System: Interrelated components working toward a common goal via inputs and outputs.

Q3) Explain System Block Diagram

  • Functions: Input (gathers elements), Processing (transforms input), Output (produces elements).

  • Feedback/Control: Monitors performance, adjusts inputs/processes.

Q4) Example of System Functions

  • Air-conditioner: Input (electricity), Processing (air cooling), Output (cooled air), Feedback (temperature control).

Q5) Define Cybernetic System

  • A system with feedback and control functions.

Q6) Components of Information Systems

  • Hardware, Software, Databases, Network, Human Resources.

Purpose of Information Systems

  • Provide the right information for operations, management, and decision-making.

Benefits of Information Systems

  • Reduce costs/errors, enhance efficiency, improve productivity.

Q7) Types of Information Systems

  • TPS, OAS, KWS, MIS, DSS, ESS.

Q8) Define System Development

  • Process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing software applications.

Phases of System Development

  1. Feasibility Analysis

  2. Requirements Analysis

  3. Software Design

  4. Software Coding

  5. Testing and Debugging

  6. Installation

  7. Maintenance

Q1) Define Data Collection Process

  • Gathering, analyzing, and utilizing data.

Data Collection Methods

  • Primary Data: Quantitative and qualitative methods.

  • Secondary Data.

Advantages & Disadvantages of Data Collection

  • Primary Advantages: Speed, control, accuracy.

  • Secondary Advantages: Low cost, ease of use.

Data Integrity

  • Accuracy and reliability of data.

ALCOA+ Principles

  • Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, Accurate, Complete, Consistent, Enduring, Available.

Data Analysis Steps

  1. Define objective

  2. Collect data

  3. Clean data

  4. Analyze data

  5. Visualize and interpret results.

Benefits of Data Analysis

  • Improve decision-making, financial and administrative management, cost savings.

Q1) Compare Information System and IT

  • IS: Components for data collection processing. IT: Hardware/software used in IS.

Q2) Define Computer Network

  • Linked computers for communication/resource sharing.

Q3) Categorize Computer Networks

  • LAN: <2 miles, WAN: Worldwide, MAN: Between LAN and WAN.

Q4) Define Transmission Media

  • Carries information; types include guided (twisted-pair, coaxial, fiber-optic) and unguided (wireless).

Q6) Compare Hub, Switch, Access Point, Router

  • Hub: Connects computers; broadcasts signals.

  • Switch: More efficient, controls traffic.

  • Access Point: Wireless connections.

  • Router: Connects networks.

Q7) Define Database

  • Structured collection of information.

Q8) Define DBMS

  • Software to manage databases.

Q9) Compare SQL and NoSQL

  • SQL: Relational, structured data. NoSQL: Non-relational, flexible storage.

Define Cloud Computing

  • Internet-based service delivery on a subscription basis.

Characteristics of Cloud Computing

  • On-demand service, broad access, resource pooling.

Types of IoT

  • Includes Consumer IoT, Commercial IoT, Industrial IoT, etc.

AI Benefits

  • Decision-making, higher accuracy, and solving complex problems.