Unit 3- Biological Foundations

• How do heredity, environment, and evolution work together to shape behavior?

What are the major structures of the brain and what are their roles?

• How do neurons function and conduct an impulse?

Terms to Know-

acetylcholine

ACTH

excitatory neurotransmitter fMRI

-parasympathetic

action potential

frontal lobe

-peripheral

-somatic

adaptation

GABA

adrenaline

genome

-sympathetic

agnosia

glial cells

neurogenesis

agonist

glucose

neuron (inter, motor,

alexia

glutamate

sensory)

All-or-Nothing principle

grey matter

nodes of Ranvier

amygdala

heritability

norepinephrine nucleus accumbens

antagonist

hippocampus

occipital lobe

aphasia

Huntington's Disease

oxytocin

apraxia

hypothalamus

parietal lobe

association area

inhibitory neurotransmitter

PET Scan

axon

insulin

pituitary gland

basal ganglia

interaction

biopsychologist

ipsilateral

pons

brain plasticity

lesioning

prefrontal cortex reflex arc

brain stem

limbic system

refractory period (absolute

Broca's Area

medulla

vs. relative)

CAT Scan

molecular genetics

resting potential

cell body (soma)

motor cortex

Reticular Activating System

cerebellum

MRI

reuptake

corpus callosum

multiple sclerosis

serotonin

dendrites

myasthenia gravis

somatosensory cortex

depolarization

myelin sheath

substance P

dopamine

natural selection

synapse

Down's Syndrome

nerve (afferent vs.

temporal lobe

EEG

efferent)

terminal button

endorphins

nervous systems

testosterone

epigenetics

-autonomic

thalamus

-central

threshold

epinephrine

thyroxine

TMS

white matter

People to Know-

Ramon y Calal

Michael Gazzaniga

Roger Sperry

twin studies

Wernicke's Area