share of ownership: bought by investors of a company- the more money they invested, the more stocks they received as a percentage of the total money invested

brackish

a mix of sea and river water

confederacy

An alliance; Powhatan Confederacy

monopoly

Exclusive control of the supply of or trade in a good or service

Northwest Passage

A route between the pacific and Atlantic Oceans: John smith looked for this route in Order to make passage to Asia easier/quicker

prophecy

A prediction of what will occur

tobacco

Crop brought to VA (smuggled from Spanish West Indies) by John Rolfe - milder than tobacco grown by Indigenous ppis; Cash crop: This crop helps to build a stronger settlement; King James I does not like the habit of smoking chewing tobacco, but accepts it be it is so profitable

armada

A fleet of warships; Spanish Armada - 130 ships

Catholic

A member of Catholic Church, headed by the Pope (Spanish, French)

planting

a colony

Mercantilism

Colonies provide raw materials to home country and these are sold back to colonies as manufactured goods

Key People

Roanoke

Queen Elizabeth I

"Virgin Queen" - never married; Virginia named after her

Sir Walter Raleigh

Advisor to Queen Elizabeth I

John White

Headed 2nd attempt to settle Roanoke; Governor of Roanoke

Virginia Dare

First English child born in America; GD of John White

Croatoans

Friendly tribe of Croatoan Island

Jamestown

King James I (of England, VI of Scotland)

cousin of queen elizabeth I

John Smith

3rd governor of jamestown

John Rolfe

Jamestown colonist who pioneered the growing of tobacco

Wahunsenahcawh / Chief Powhatan

ruler of the Powhatan colony

Matoaka / Pocahontas / Rebecca

Bom Matoaka, beloved daughter of Wahunsenahcawh; According to Smith, she saved his life: 1613 kidnapped by settlers, converts to Christianity, refuses to return to Powhatan: 1614 marries John Rolfe; travels to England to show how "dwillzed" an Indian can become - or be made

Opechancanough (“Chief Powhatan’s brother”)

Becomes Chief when his brother dies; Enters and escalates warfare with settlers, esp 1622 and 1644 - can be seen as 2'' and 3" battles of Prophecy: Killed In battle. leads to end of Powhatan Confederacy

Powhatans / Powhatan Confederacy

The Native American tribes surrounding Jamestown

Geography

Roanoke Island

a island off of Virginia

Hatteras Island

another name for Roanoke

Outer Banks

Barrier islands off the coast of NC

Chesapeake Bay

the bay next to the James River

James River

a river named after King James

Jamestown

the first successful English settlement

Potomac River

Main Topics

Colonization (reasons, dangers, benefits, competitions)

Relationship between settlers / colonists and Indigenous Peoples (Croatoans, Powhatan…)

“Lost Colony”

Lessons from Roanoke

Virginia Company

Starving Time (what? Causes? results?)

the starving time was the time in the early 1600s where the natives stop trading with the Europeans and Europeans ran out of food and wouldn’t leave their fort because it was cold

Chief Powhatan’s Prophecy

the prophecy says that there will become a tribe that will come in and ask for stuff from the natives and that they would grow impatient and attack them and a series of three battles until being defeatedllllkkkkkkkkk,,,llll,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ll

Indentured servitude / Slavery

House of Burgesses

Made laws for America

1619

Quotes

“I have already joined myself in marriage to a husband, named the kingdom of England.”

“He who does not work, neither shall he eat.”

John white

“Tobacco is a vile and stinking habit.”

king James

Note