science- movement, breathing and respiration

there are 5 groups of animals called vertebrates.

fish, amphibian, reptiles, birds and mammals.

adults have 206 bones.

bones are made up of 2 types of tissue: living tissue, which is where the body makes blood cells, it is called bone marrow. red blood cells carry oxygen around the body and white blood cells fight diseases, and non-living tissue, which is hard material that supports the weight of the body and is pulled by the muscles to cause movement.

if 2 bones moved against each other, they would eventually wear away.

ligaments join 2 bones and can stretch.

there are 3 types of muscle: cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and smooth muscle

smooth muscles such as intestines and oesophagus have walls that are made from layers of muscle. these muscles allow the food to be churned and pushed through the digestive system

cardiac muscles is the heart are a specific type of muscle in only the heart

skeletal muscles are the muscles that pull upon bones and cause movements of the organism in vertebrates

muscles work by getting shorter. we say that the contract and when they do they pull.

muscles do not stretch

muscles can only pull and cannot push.

when you bring your arm up, your bicep contracts and your tricep relaxes. when you move your arm down, your bicep relaxes and your tricep contracts

all cells carry out a chemical proccess called respiration.

word equation for respiration: sugar+oxygen>carbon dioxide+water

rib muscles= allow the rib to move. increases the volume of thoracic activity

ribs= protects lungs and provides sctructure

trachea= allows air to travel from mouth to lungs

diaphragm= contracts and flattens when we breath in

the journey of air from outside to inside your body is as followed:

atmosphere> nasal passages> larnyx> trachea> bronchus> bronchioles> alveoli

alvioli= singular form of alveolus. each of your lungs contains millions of alvioli and they help diffuse carbon dioxide into the blood.

gaseus exchange is the movement of oxygen from the alveoli the the capillary and the movement of carbon dioxide from the calillerary into the alveoli

the word equation for respiration is:

oxygen+glucose> energy+carbon dioxide+water

this happens in teh mitochondria

respiration provides the body with energy.

energy helps growth, movement, warmth and more.