Spanish II Exam Review Notes

Grammar Topics

• Imperfect Tense
  • Regular verbs
  • Irregular verbs
• Affirmative Commands
• Negative Commands
• Preterite Tense
  • Regular verbs
  • Irregular verbs
• Formal Commands
  • Regular verbs
  • Irregular verbs

Vocabulary Topics

• Childhood vocabulary
• Community vocabulary
• Food vocabulary
• Social life vocabulary

Exam Format

• Multiple choice questions
• Small reading comprehension passages

Part 1: Imperfect Tense & Childhood Vocabulary

Imperfect Tense Conjugations (Regular Verbs)

• -AR verbs:
  • Yo: -aba
  • Tú: -abas
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: -aba
  • Nosotros: -ábamos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -aban
• -ER / -IR verbs:
  • Yo: -ía
  • Tú: -ías
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: -ía
  • Nosotros: -íamos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -ían

Irregular Imperfect Tense Verbs

• Ser (to be):
  • Yo: era
  • Tú: eras
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: era
  • Nosotros: éramos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: eran
• Ir (to go):
  • Yo: iba
  • Tú: ibas
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: iba
  • Nosotros: íbamos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: iban
• Ver (to see):
  • Yo: veía
  • Tú: veías
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: veía
  • Nosotros: veíamos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: veían

Childhood Vocabulary

• Use the Quizlet resource (https://quizlet.com/_7hg0nl?x=1jqt&i=26px0v) to identify relevant vocabulary.
• Include at least 10 words and their English meanings.
• Make sure to include at least 3 adjectives.

Trigger Words for Imperfect Tense

• Todos los días: everyday
• Siempre: always
• Frecuentemente: frequently
• Todo el tiempo: all the time
• De niño(a): as a child
• Cuando era niño(a): when I was a child
• A veces: sometimes
• Nunca: never
• Cada semana: each week
• Generalmente: generally

Paragraph Writing

• Write a mini-paragraph (3-5 sentences) about what you used to do as a kid in your free time.

Part 2: Community Vocabulary (Tiendas y Servicios)

• Use the Unit 3 vocabulary Quizlet (https://quizlet.com/_7syl6t?x=1jqt&i=26px0v) to define the following words:
  • Comprar: to buy
  • La farmacia: pharmacy
  • La carnicería: butcher shop
  • Tienda: store
  • Supermercado: supermarket
  • La pescadería: seafood store
  • Pastelería: pastry shop
  • El centro comercial: mall
  • Estación de servicio: service station
  • Panadería: bakery
  • La joyería: jewelry store
  • La zapatería: shoe store
  • El banco: bank
  • El correo: post office
  • Depositar un cheque: deposit a check
  • Mandar una carta: send a card
  • Sacar dinero del cajero automático: take out cash from ATM

Part 3: Affirmative Commands

Forming Affirmative Commands

• Explain how to form affirmative commands for -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs.

Practice with Regular Verbs

• Conjugate the following verbs into affirmative commands, creating full sentences:
  • Comprar
  • Ayudar
  • Hablar
  • Leer
  • Manejar
  • Correr
  • Buscar
  • Empezar
  • Comer
  • Beber

Irregular Affirmative Commands

• Venir: ven (to come)
• Decir: di (to say/tell)
• Salir: sal (to leave/go out)
• Hacer: haz (to do/make)
• Tener: ten (to have)
• Ir: ve (to go)
• Poner: pon (to put)
• Ser: sé (to be)

Run Errands Scenario

• Pretend your mom is telling you to run errands. List 3 things she might tell you to do.

Part 4: Negative Commands

Forming Negative Commands

• Explain how to form negative commands for -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs

Practice with Regular Verbs

• Conjugate the following verbs into negative commands, creating full sentences:
  • Comprar
  • Jugar
  • Hablar
  • Leer
  • Manejar
  • Correr
  • Mandar
  • Sacar
  • Comer
  • Beber

Irregular Negative Commands

• Venir: No vengas (Don't come)
• Decir: No digas (Don't say/tell)
• Salir: No salgas (Don't leave/go out)
• Hacer: No hagas (Don't do/make)
• Tener: No tengas (Don't have)
• Ir: No vayas (Don't go)
• Poner: No pongas (Don't put)
• Ser: No seas (Don't be)

Run Errands Scenario (Negative)

• Pretend your mom is telling you to run errands. List 3 things she might tell you NOT to do.

Part 5: La Comida Vocabulary

Common Foods/Drinks

• List relevant foods and drinks.

Los Ingredientes (Ingredients)

• Aceite: oil
• Ajo: garlic
• Azúcar: sugar
• Cebolla: onion
• Harina: flour
• Pimienta: pepper
• Sal: salt
• Canela: cinnamon
• Cilantro: cilantro

Los Utensilios (Utensils)

• Cocina: kitchen
• Cuchara: spoon
• Cucharita: teaspoon
• Espátula: spatula
• Cuchillo: knife
• Horno: oven
• Olla: pot
• Refrigerator: refrigerator
• Sartén: frying pan
• Tabla de picar: Cutting board
• Taza: cup
• Tazón: bowl

Preparar la Comida (Preparing Food)

• Agregar: to add
• Batir: to beat
• Cocinar: to cook
• Freír: to fry
• Hervir: to boil
• Hornear: to bake
• Licuar: to liquefy
• Mezclar: to mix
• Picar: to chop
• Saltear: to salt
• Usar: to use

Adjectives Vocabulary

• Espectacular: spectacular
• Picante: spicy
• Rico/a: delicious/rich
• Riquísimo: extremely delicious
• Caliente: hot
• Dulce: sweet
• Frío: cold
• Sabroso: delicious/savory
• Salado: salty

Paragraph Writing (La Comida)

• Practice writing about a meal you prepared, detailing the preparation, ingredients, utensils, and adjectives to describe the meal.

Part 6: Preterite Tense & Social Life Vocabulary

Regular Preterite Tense Conjugations

• -AR verbs:
  • Yo: -é
  • Tú: -aste
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: -ó
  • Nosotros: -amos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -aron
• -ER / -IR verbs:
  • Yo: -í
  • Tú: -iste
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: -ió
  • Nosotros: -imos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -ieron

Irregular Preterite Tense Verbs

• -CAR, -GAR, -ZAR verbs: irregular in the yo form only.

  • Examples:
    • Agregar
    • Sacar: Yo - saqué
    • Empezar: Yo - empecé

• Identical Twins: Ser (to be) / Ir (to go)

  • Yo: fui
  • Tú: fuiste
  • Él/Ella/Ud.: fue
  • Nosotros: fuimos
  • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: fueron

• Fraternal Twins: Dar (to give) & Ver (to see)

  • Dar
    • Yo: di
    • Tú: diste
    • Él/Ella/Ud.: dio
    • Nosotros: dimos
    • Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: dieron

Irregular Preterite Endings

• Yo: -e
• Tú: -iste
• Él/Ella/Ud.: -o
• Nosotros: -imos
• Ellos/Ellas/Uds.: -ieron

Irregular Preterite Stems

• Tener (to have): tuv-
• Hacer (to do/make): hic- (hizo in él/ella/usted form)
• Estar (to be): estuv-
• Poder (to be able): pud-
• Venir (to come): vin-
• Querer (to want): quis-
• Saber (to know): sup-
• Decir (to say): dij- (dijeron in ellos/ellas/ustedes form)
• Traer (to bring): traj- (trajeron in ellos/ellas/ustedes form)
• Andar (to walk): anduv-
• Poner (to put): pus-

Social Life Vocabulary

• Conectarse: to connect
• Hacer planes: to make plans
• Divertirse: to have fun
• Pasar tiempo con: to spend time with
• Tiempo libre: free time

Trigger Words for Preterite Tense

• Ayer: yesterday
• Anoche: last night
• Una vez: once
• Esta mañana: this morning
• La semana pasada: last week
• El fin de semana pasado: last weekend
• El otro día: the other day
• Anteayer: day before yesterday
• Entonces: then
• En ese momento: at that moment

Paragraph Writing (Social Life)

• ¿Qué hiciste en tu tiempo libre el fin de semana pasado? (What did you do in your free time last weekend?)
• Write a paragraph using irregular verbs.

Formal Commands

Forming Formal Commands

• Explain how to form formal commands.

Practice with Formal Commands

• Give the formal affirmative and negative command forms for the following verbs:
  • Abrir (to open)
  • Cortar (to cut)
  • Estudiar (to study)
  • Escuchar (to listen)
  • Comer (to eat)
  • Pedir (e-i) (to ask for)
  • Dormir (o-ue) (to sleep)

Directions and Commands Vocabulary

• Use the Quizlet resource: https://quizlet.com/_65tux6?x=1jqt&i=26um8

New Teacher Scenario

• Give your students 2 things they SHOULD do and 2 things they should NOT do to succeed in your classroom.

Direct Object Pronouns

• lo, la, los, las
• Rewrite the following sentences using direct object pronouns:
  • Lava la ropa. → Lávala
  • Pon los zapatos en el armario. → Ponlos
  • Escucha la música. → Escúchala
  • Voy a traer el pastel. → Voy a traerlo / Lo voy a traer
  • Tengo que hacer la tarea. → Tengo que hacerla / La tengo que hacer

Additional Vocabulary Resources

• Modes of transportation: https://quizlet.com/_csiz87?x=1jqt&i=26um8
• Parts of the body: https://quizlet.com/2eawv1?x=1jqt&i=26um8
• La comunidad: https://quizlet.com/_7muh70?x=1jqt&i=26um8
• En la cocina: https://quizlet.com/_6fdn27?x=1jqt&i=26um8