review #2 2/20/25

In the late 17th century, specifically around 1688, an anti-slavery society began forming in Pennsylvania by predominantly Quaker members.
- This society aimed to eliminate slavery in Pennsylvania.
- It was influenced by the Antislavery Society of London, one of the first human rights organizations in the world.

By 1776, Pennsylvania outlaws slavery, marking a significant milestone during the revolutionary period.
States had the right to legislate on slavery according to their beliefs and policies, leading to a mix of slavery laws among states.

The 1660s saw increasing philosophical debates regarding slavery and human rights.
- People began questioning the morality and ethics of slave ownership.
This philosophical discourse sharply contrasts with the institutionalization of slavery that occurred shortly after, particularly highlighted by Bacon's Rebellion in 1676.

Slavery moved from a debated concept to institutionalized practice in the colonies, with specific laws and taxes emerging.
- In some colonies, labor was taxed, penalizing black women (free and enslaved) but exempting white women.
- This created a financial incentive intertwined with the notion of racial superiority.

Diverse religious groups like the Puritans, Quakers, Catholics, and Anglicans were present in the colonies, leading to varying views on slavery.
The Quakers promoted abolitionist views, while Anglicans in the South adapted Christianity to justify their support for slavery, often citing scripture that urged slaves to obey their masters.

The term chattel slavery refers to a system where slaves and their descendants are considered property.
- This system was codified into law, strengthening the institution of slavery and making it a permanent status for many individuals.

Awareness of the oppressive conditions led to resistance among enslaved people, who planned rebellions.
Bacon's Rebellion (1676) highlighted the tensions between laborers and the ruling class.

Occurred on September 9, 1739, near the Stono River in South Carolina.
Enslaved Africans rebelled by killing white individuals and burning homes, driven by their grievances and desire for freedom.
- The rebellion prompted severe punishments for captured rebels, often executed without trial.
Spread of fear among slaveholders led to restrictions on slave movements to prevent further uprisings.
The Stono rebellion was significant for illustrating the tensions in slave society, leading towards institutional changes in slave management and control.

The complexities of slavery in early America were deeply tied to philosophical, religious, and legislative changes, all culminating in significant historical events like the Stono Rebellion.