Hydrogen Fuel Cell Summary

Hydrogen Overview

• Hydrogen gas (H₂) contains significant chemical energy.
• Combines with oxygen (O₂) to release energy, producing only water as a waste product.

Hydrogen Fuel Cells

• Convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity and heat.
• Operate continuously as long as fuel is supplied; do not require recharging like batteries.
• Hydrogen is introduced at the anode; oxygen enters at the cathode.
• Hydrogen is split into protons and electrons; protons pass through a proton exchange membrane (PEM).
• At the cathode, electrons and protons recombine with oxygen to produce water and heat.

Fuel Cell Efficiency

• Fuel cells are twice as efficient as gasoline cars.
• Produce water vapor and are cleaner in terms of emissions.
• Offer advantages including efficiency, convenience, versatility, and quick refueling.

Hydrogen Fuel Sources

• Majority of hydrogen is currently sourced from natural gas via Steam Methane Reforming.

Challenges of Hydrogen Fuel Cells

• High operational temperatures require proper cooling.
• High production costs, particularly due to the use of platinum catalysts.