English Language Education Band III Core Vocabulary and Chunks Curriculum Specification

Institutional Framework and Pedagogical Objectives

• Issuing Body: State of Israel - Ministry of Education Pedagogical Secretariat - Language Department.

• Target Proficiency Level: Band III (Proficiency Level).

• Core Vocabulary Scope:

  • The core list for Band III proficiency level consists of approximately $2,000$ useful lexical items.

  • Out of these items, approximately $300$ are frequently used chunks, including phrases, expressions, and phrasal verbs.

  • Serves as a continuation of the core vocabulary lists established for the intermediate level (Band I and Band II).

  • Unlike previous Bands, single-word items are listed in a separate section from multi-word chunks.

• Pre-existing Knowledge Assumptions:

  • A substantial number of items on the core list are assumed to already be familiar to students (historically represented as words colored in yellow).

• Lexical Threshold & Academic Benchmarks:

  • The cumulative content of the three core lists (Bands I, II, and III), combined with a similar volume of extension vocabulary selected freely by educators and textbook authors, targets a minimum overall lexical threshold of $5,400$ items.

  • Reaching this lexical threshold enables students to handle $5$ point Bagrut examination texts targeting the B2 reading level according to the CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) standards.

Lexicographical Methodology and Selection Criteria

• Corpus Foundations:

  • The Band III vocabulary list was compiled on the basis of prominent academic and natural language corpora:

  • AVL: The Academic Vocabulary List.

  • AWL: The Academic Word List.

  • COCA: Corpus of Contemporary American English.

  • BNC: British National Corpus.

  • EVP: English Vocabulary Profile (combining British and American corpora data).

• Lexical Family Policy:

  • Band III consists of actual words and specific expressions rather than full word families.

  • Members of a word family that are relatively rare have been deliberately excluded.

  • Only word family members that are frequently used, important, and useful at this level are included.

• Parts of Speech and Dual Entries:

  • Some lexical items have a single entry but represent two distinct parts of speech, thereby counting as two separate items to be taught.

  • Example: The item touch is entered once with n+v in the parts of speech column, indicating that both touch as a verb and touch as a noun must be taught.

• Disambiguation and Glosses:

  • Glosses and illustrative example sentences are appended to clarify meanings for ambiguous or polysemous terms.

• Curriculum Implementation Guidelines:

  • This list constitutes a core inventory that every student at the Bagrut level should master.

  • Educators and textbook writers are expected to supplement this core list with additional items drawn from reading texts, listening comprehension passages, literary works, and classroom discourse.

• External Reference Resources:

  • Recommends utilizing the English Vocabulary Profile (http://vocabulary.englishprofile.org/staticfiles/about.html) for selecting supplementary vocabulary (Access credentials: username englishprofile, password vocabulary).

• Revision Policy:

  • The vocabulary lists undergo periodic revisions to incorporate field feedback from educators as well as ongoing developments in linguistic research and pedagogical theory.

Advisory Committee and Curriculum Personnel

• Vocabulary Sub-Committee Members:

  • Prof. Penny Ur: Oranim Academic College of Education.

  • Dr. Elisheva Barkon: Head of English Department, Oranim Academic College of Education.

  • Sharon Fayerberger: Hebrew Reali School, Haifa.

Band III Core Word List

• a.m

• absence — Part of speech: n

• absolute — Part of speech: adj

• abstract — Part of speech: adj

• abuse — Part of speech: n+v

• acceptable, acceptance — Part of speech: adj,n

• access — Part of speech: v+n

• accompany — Part of speech: v

• accordingly — Part of speech: adv

• accurate, inaccurate, accuracy, accurately — Part of speech: adj,adj,n,adv

• achieve, achievement — Part of speech: v,n

• acknowledge, acknowledgment, acknowledged — Part of speech: v,n,adj

• acquire, acquisition — Part of speech: v,n

• act, inactive, actor — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• actual — Part of speech: adj — Example: "The actual facts."

• adapt, adapted, adaptation — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• additional, additionally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• address — Part of speech: v — Example: "We need to address the problem."

• adequate, adequately, inadequate — Part of speech: adj,adv,adj

• administration — Part of speech: n

• adopt, adoption — Part of speech: v,n

• adjust, adjustment — Part of speech: adv,v,n

• advance, advanced — Part of speech: v,adj

• advocate — Part of speech: n+v

• affair — Part of speech: adj,n

• affect — Part of speech: v

• afford, affordable — Part of speech: v

• afterwards — Part of speech: adv

• agent, agency — Part of speech: n,n

• aggression, aggressive behavior — Part of speech: n

• agreement, in agreement — Part of speech: n

• agriculture, agricultural — Part of speech: n,adj

• aid — Part of speech: n+v

• airport — Part of speech: n

• allow — Part of speech: v

• alter, alteration — Part of speech: v,n

• amongst — Part of speech: prep

• analogy — Part of speech: n

• analyze, analysis — Part of speech: v,n

• ancient — Part of speech: adj

• announce, announcement — Part of speech: v,n

• annual — Part of speech: adj

• anxious, anxiety — Part of speech: adj,n

• anybody — Part of speech: p

• anymore — Part of speech: adv

• anyway — Part of speech: adv

• apparent, apparently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• application — Part of speech: n

• appreciate, appreciation — Part of speech: v,n

• approach — Part of speech: v+n

• appropriate — Part of speech: adj

• approve, approval — Part of speech: v,n

• approximately — Part of speech: adv

• Asian — Part of speech: adj

• aspect — Part of speech: n

• aspire, aspiration — Part of speech: v,n

• assignment — Part of speech: n

• assist, assistance — Part of speech: v,n

• associate, association — Part of speech: v,n

• assume, assumption — Part of speech: v,n

• attachment, attach — Part of speech: n,v

• attack — Part of speech: v+n

• attempt — Part of speech: n+v

• attend, attendance — Part of speech: v,n

• attitude — Part of speech: n

• attract, attraction, attractive — Part of speech: v,n,adj — Example: "A tourist attraction. Magnetic attraction."

• audience — Part of speech: n

• authentic — Part of speech: adj

• author — Part of speech: n

• authority — Part of speech: n — Example: "A boss has authority over the workers. She is an authority on sociology. The Palestinian authority."

• autonomy, autonomous — Part of speech: n,adj

• average — Part of speech: n+adj

• avoid — Part of speech: v

• award — Part of speech: n+v

• back — Part of speech: adv

• back up — Part of speech: v — Example: "He backed up his friend. Make sure you back up your work on the computer."

• background — Part of speech: n+adj

• balance — Part of speech: n+v

• ball — Part of speech: n

• ban — Part of speech: n+v

• band — Part of speech: n — Example: "The band played some music."

• bank — Part of speech: n — Example: "Put your money in the bank."

• bar — Part of speech: n — Example: "A bar of chocolate. A bar of a cage. We bought some orange juice at the bar."

• barely — Part of speech: adj

• barrier — Part of speech: n

• basically — Part of speech: n

• battle — Part of speech: n

• beach — Part of speech: n

• bear — Part of speech: v — Example: "I can't bear it!"

• beauty — Part of speech: n

• beginning — Part of speech: n — Example: "At the beginning"

• belief — Part of speech: n

• beneath — Part of speech: prep

• benefit, beneficial — Part of speech: v,adj

• bias — Part of speech: n

• bill — Part of speech: n — Example: "Pay the bill. A dollar bill."

• billion — Part of speech: n

• bind — Part of speech: v

• biology, biological — Part of speech: n,adj

• bird — Part of speech: n,adj

• block — Part of speech: v+n

• bold — Part of speech: adj

• bond — Part of speech: n

• bone — Part of speech: n

• boundary — Part of speech: n

• break — Part of speech: n — Example: "Take a short break! A break in relations."

• breath, breathe — Part of speech: n,v

• brief, briefly — Part of speech: adj,adv

• British — Part of speech: adj+n — Example: "The British people. Do you like the British?"

• budget — Part of speech: n

• building — Part of speech: n

• burn — Part of speech: v

• cabinet — Part of speech: n

• calculate, calculation — Part of speech: v,n

• campaign — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "The political party's campaign was successful: they were elected. We were campaigning for equal rights."

• cancer — Part of speech: n

• candidate — Part of speech: n

• capable, capability — Part of speech: adj,n

• capacity — Part of speech: n — Example: "This student has great capacity for hard work. The hall has a seating capacity of 1000."

• capture — Part of speech: n

• career — Part of speech: n — Example: "She had a very successful career."

• carefully — Part of speech: adj

• category — Part of speech: n

• Catholic — Part of speech: n+adj

• cell — Part of speech: n — Example: "Our body is made up of cells. A prison cell."

• cellphone — Part of speech: n — Example: "Turn off your cell(phone)."

• census — Part of speech: n

• central, centrally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• certainly — Part of speech: adv

• chain — Part of speech: n

• chair (man, woman, person) — Part of speech: n — Example: "She was chair of the committee."

• challenge — Part of speech: n+v

• change (n) — Part of speech: n

• channel — Part of speech: n

• characteristic — Part of speech: n+adj

• charge (v) — Part of speech: v — Example: "They charged too much money. Charge a battery."

• checklist — Part of speech: n

• chemistry, chemical — Part of speech: n,adj

• chicken — Part of speech: n

• chief — Part of speech: n+adj

• chief of staff — Part of speech: n

• Chinese — Part of speech: n+adj — Example: "Chinese food. The Chinese are an oriental nation."

• Christmas — Part of speech: n+adj

• church — Part of speech: n

• circumstance(s) — Part of speech: n

• cite — Part of speech: v

• citizen, citizenship — Part of speech: n

• civil, civilian — Part of speech: adj,adj

• civilized, civilization — Part of speech: adj,n

• claim — Part of speech: n+v

• clarify, clarification — Part of speech: v,n

• classify — Part of speech: v

• clearly — Part of speech: adj

• client — Part of speech: n

• colleague — Part of speech: n

• collection — Part of speech: n

• college — Part of speech: n

• combine, combination — Part of speech: v,n

• commander — Part of speech: n

• comment — Part of speech: n+v

• commerce, commercial — Part of speech: n,adj

• commit, commitment — Part of speech: v — Example: "Commit a crime. They committed themselves. They were committed to helping the poor: it was a serious commitment."

• committee — Part of speech: n

• community — Part of speech: n

• comparison, comparative — Part of speech: n,adj

• compete, competition, competitive — Part of speech: v,n,adj

• completely — Part of speech: adv

• complex — Part of speech: adj

• component — Part of speech: n

• compose, composition — Part of speech: v,n

• comprehend, comprehension — Part of speech: v,n

• comprehensive — Part of speech: adj

• comprise, comprised of — Part of speech: v,adj

• concentrate, concentration — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "Please concentrate on the assignment! The population was concentrated in the cities."

• concept — Part of speech: n

• concern, concerned — Part of speech: n,adj — Example: "As far as I'm concerned. It's no concern of yours. I'm concerned about these problems."

• conclusion, conclude — Part of speech: n,v — Example: "In conclusion. We may conclude that the answer is wrong."

• conduct — Part of speech: n,v — Example: "He conducted a study. She conducted the band."

• conference — Part of speech: n

• confident, confidence — Part of speech: adj,n — Example: "She has a lot of self-confidence"

• confirm, confirmation — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "Please confirm the arrangements. The research confirms my hypothesis."

• conflict — Part of speech: n

• consensus — Part of speech: n

• consequence, consequently — Part of speech: n,adv

• considerable, considerably — Part of speech: adj,adv

• consideration — Part of speech: n — Example: "Take into consideration."

• considered (as) — Part of speech: adj

• consist — Part of speech: v

• consistent, consistently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• constant, constantly — Example: "In constant contact. We're constantly hearing about this event."

• constitution — Part of speech: n — Example: "The American constitution is a list of laws."

• construct, construction — Part of speech: v,n

• consume, consumer — Part of speech: n

• contain, container — Part of speech: v,n

• contemporary — Part of speech: adj

• context — Part of speech: n

• continuous, continuously — Part of speech: adj,adv

• contradict — Part of speech: v

• contrast — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "In contrast."

• contribute, contribution — Part of speech: v,n

• convention, conventional — Part of speech: n,adj

• convert — Part of speech: v

• convey — Part of speech: v

• cooperate, cooperation — Part of speech: v,n

• coordinate, coordination — Part of speech: v,n

• core — Part of speech: n+adj

• correspond — Part of speech: v

• council — Part of speech: n

• count — Part of speech: v — Example: "That doesn't count, it's not relevant."

• cover — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "Your essay covers all the main points. The book has a nice cover."

• creative, creation — Part of speech: adj,n

• criminal — Part of speech: n+adj

• crisis — Part of speech: n

• criterion (pl: criteria) — Part of speech: n

• criticize, criticism, critical — Part of speech: adj

• crucial — Part of speech: adj

• current, currently — Part of speech: adj

• curriculum — Part of speech: n

• customer — Part of speech: n

• cut — Part of speech: v — Example: "Cut the cost of production."

• cycle — Part of speech: n

• daily — Part of speech: adj

• damage — Part of speech: n+v

• data — Part of speech: n

• debate — Part of speech: n+v

• debt — Part of speech: n — Example: "In debt (to)"

• decade — Part of speech: n

• decision — Part of speech: n

• declare, declaration — Part of speech: v,n

• decline — Part of speech: n

• decline — Part of speech: v — Example: "To decline an invitation. Decline and fall."

• decrease — Part of speech: v+n

• defend, defense — Part of speech: v+n

• define — Part of speech: v

• degree — Part of speech: n — Example: "$100$ degrees. An academic degree."

• delegation — Part of speech: n

• demand — Part of speech: v+n

• democracy, democratic — Part of speech: n,adj

• demonstrate, demonstration — Part of speech: v,n

• deny, denial — Part of speech: v,n

• depart, departure — Part of speech: v,n

• department — Part of speech: n

• depress, depressed, depression, depressing — Part of speech: v,adj,n,adj

• derive — Part of speech: v

• desert — Part of speech: n

• design — Part of speech: n+v

• desire — Part of speech: n+v

• despite — Part of speech: prep

• destroy, destruction — Part of speech: v,n

• detail, detailed — Part of speech: n,adj

• detect, detective, detection — Part of speech: v,n,n

• determine, determination — Part of speech: v,n

• develop, development — Part of speech: v,n

• device — Part of speech: n

• devise — Part of speech: v

• diagram — Part of speech: n

• dialogue — Part of speech: n

• die, death — Part of speech: v,n

• difference — Part of speech: n

• differentiate, differentiation — Part of speech: v,n

• difficulty — Part of speech: n

• dilemma — Part of speech: n

• dimension — Part of speech: n

• diminish — Part of speech: v

• direct, directly — Part of speech: v+adj,adv

• discipline — Part of speech: n — Example: "Science is a discipline. Classroom discipline."

• discovery — Part of speech: n

• discriminate, discrimination — Part of speech: v,n

• disease — Part of speech: n

• dish(es) — Part of speech: n

• display — Part of speech: v+n

• dispose, disposal — Part of speech: v,n

• dissatisfied — Part of speech: adj

• distance, distant — Part of speech: n,adj

• distinction, distinguish — Part of speech: n,v

• distribute, distribution — Part of speech: v,n

• district — Part of speech: n

• disturb, disturbance — Part of speech: v,n

• diverse, diversity — Part of speech: adj,n

• division — Part of speech: n

• document — Part of speech: v

• domain — Part of speech: n

• domestic — Part of speech: adj

• dominant, dominate, domination — Part of speech: adj,v,n

• double — Part of speech: adj

• dozen — Part of speech: adj+n

• draft — Part of speech: n+adj

• drawing — Part of speech: n

• driver — Part of speech: n

• drug — Part of speech: n

• dual — Part of speech: adj

• duty — Part of speech: n

• dynamic(s) — Part of speech: adj

• e.g

• earn — Part of speech: v

• easily — Part of speech: adj

• Easter — Part of speech: n+adj

• eastern — Part of speech: adj

• economic, economically, economics, economy — Part of speech: adj,adv,n,n

• edge — Part of speech: n

• edit, editor — Part of speech: v,n

• educate, educational — Part of speech: v,adj

• effective — Part of speech: adj

• efficient, efficiently, efficiency — Part of speech: adj,adv,n

• egg — Part of speech: n

• elect, election — Part of speech: v,n

• electronic — Part of speech: adj

• element — Part of speech: n

• elementary — Part of speech: adj

• eliminate, elimination — Part of speech: v,adj

• elsewhere — Part of speech: adv

• emerge, emergence, emerging — Part of speech: v,n,adj

• emergency — Part of speech: n

• emotion, emotional — Part of speech: n,adj

• emphasize, emphasis — Part of speech: v,n

• employ, employee, employer, employment — Part of speech: v,n,n,n

• enable — Part of speech: v

• encounter — Part of speech: v+n

• end — Part of speech: n — Example: "Do the means justify the end?"

• end — Part of speech: v

• enemy — Part of speech: n

• engage, engagement — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "They engaged in the task. The couple became engaged."

• engineer, engineering — Part of speech: n,n

• enhance — Part of speech: v

• ensure — Part of speech: v

• enterprise — Part of speech: n

• entire, entirely — Part of speech: adj,adv

• entitled — Part of speech: adj — Example: "You are entitled to a promotion."

• entrance — Part of speech: n

• entry — Part of speech: n

• environmental — Part of speech: adj

• equally, equality — Part of speech: adv,n

• equip, equipment — Part of speech: v,n

• equivalent — Part of speech: adj+n

• era — Part of speech: n

• error — Part of speech: n

• escape — Part of speech: v,n

• essential, essentially — Part of speech: adj,adv

• establish, established, establishment — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• estimate, estimation — Part of speech: v,n,n

• etc. — Part of speech: adv

• ethical — Part of speech: adj

• ethnic — Part of speech: adj

• European — Part of speech: adj

• evaluate, evaluation — Part of speech: v,n

• even — Part of speech: adj — Example: "Even numbers."

• event — Part of speech: n

• eventually — Part of speech: adv

• everywhere — Part of speech: adv

• evidence — Part of speech: n

• evident, evidently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• evolve, evolution — Part of speech: v,n

• exceed, excessive — Part of speech: v,adj

• except — Part of speech: prep — Example: "Except for."

• exchange — Part of speech: n+v

• exclude, exclusion — Part of speech: v,n

• exclusive, exclusively — Part of speech: adj,adv

• executive — Part of speech: n+adj

• exercise — Part of speech: v

• exhibit, exhibition — Part of speech: v,n

• exist, existing, existence — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• exit — Part of speech: n+v

• expand, expansion — Part of speech: v,n

• expectation(s) — Part of speech: n

• expense(s), expensive — Part of speech: n,v

• experience — Part of speech: v

• experiment — Part of speech: n+v

• expert, expertise — Part of speech: n,n

• explicit, explicitly — Part of speech: adj,adv

• exploit, exploitation — Part of speech: v,n

• explore, exploration — Part of speech: v,n

• export — Part of speech: n+v

• expose, exposed — Part of speech: n,adj

• expression — Part of speech: n — Example: "An idiomatic expression. She had a sad expression on her face."

• extend, extended, extension, extent — Part of speech: v,adj,n,n

• external — Part of speech: adj

• face — Part of speech: v

• facilitate — Part of speech: v

• facility — Part of speech: n

• fact — Part of speech: n

• factor — Part of speech: n

• factory — Part of speech: n

• failure — Part of speech: n

• fairly — Part of speech: adv

• faith, faithful, faithfully — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• fall (= autumn) — Part of speech: n

• familiar — Part of speech: adj

• fan — Part of speech: n — Example: "She's a great fan of classical music."

• farm, farmer — Part of speech: n,n

• fashion, fashionable — Part of speech: n,adj

• favor, favorable — Part of speech: n,adj

• feature — Part of speech: n

• fee — Part of speech: n

• feel, feeling — Part of speech: v,n

• female, feminine — Part of speech: adj,adj

• figure — Part of speech: n,v — Example: "The figure '2'. She has a slim figure. The figures on this survey show a population increase. I can't figure it out."

• file — Part of speech: v

• financial, finance — Part of speech: adj,n

• findings — Part of speech: n

• fire — Part of speech: v

• firm — Part of speech: adj

• firm — Part of speech: n — Example: "I work for an international firm."

• fit — Part of speech: adj — Example: "We keep fit by having regular exercise. We don't think you are fit for the job."

• flexible, flexibility — Part of speech: adj,n

• flight — Part of speech: n — Example: "The flight to New York is late."

• flow — Part of speech: n+v

• focus — Part of speech: n+v

• folk — Part of speech: n+adj — Example: "Folk music. They are nice folk."

• forest — Part of speech: n

• formal, formally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• formal, formally, formality — Part of speech: adj,adv,n

• format — Part of speech: n+adj

• former — Part of speech: adj — Example: "She is a former president of the company. The former / the latter."

• formulate, formula — Part of speech: v,n

• forum — Part of speech: n

• fraction — Part of speech: n

• frame — Part of speech: n

• framework — Part of speech: n

• France, French — Part of speech: n,n+adj

• free, freedom — Part of speech: adj,n

• frequent, frequently, frequency — Part of speech: adj,adv,n

• fuel — Part of speech: n

• fully — Part of speech: adv

• function, functional — Part of speech: n+v, adj

• fund — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "They set up a fund to build a school. The rich man funded the institution."

• fundamental, fundamentally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• further — Part of speech: adj+adv — Example: "Further research is needed. We don't need to look further."

• furthermore — Part of speech: adv

• gain — Part of speech: n+v

• gate — Part of speech: n

• gender — Part of speech: n

• generally — Part of speech: adv

• generate — Part of speech: v

• generation — Part of speech: n

• gentle — Part of speech: adj

• gentleman — Part of speech: n

• geography, geographic — Part of speech: n,adj

• German, Germany — Part of speech: adj+n,n

• global, globally, globalization — Part of speech: adj,adv,n

• goal — Part of speech: n

• god — Part of speech: n

• gold, golden — Part of speech: n+adj, adj

• goods — Part of speech: n

• govern — Part of speech: v

• grant — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "She got a grant to go to University. I was granted an extension to finish my assignment."

• graph — Part of speech: n

• greatly — Part of speech: adv

• group — Part of speech: n+v

• growth — Part of speech: n

• guard — Part of speech: n+v

• guess — Part of speech: v+n

• guest — Part of speech: n

• guide (n & v), guidance, guidelines — Part of speech: v

• gun — Part of speech: n

• hand — Part of speech: v — Example: "He handed her the book."

• handle — Part of speech: n

• hardware — Part of speech: n

• head — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "She is the head of the company. He headed the investigation. We headed home."

• hearing — Part of speech: n — Example: "My hearing is not too good."

• heaven — Part of speech: n

• hell — Part of speech: n

• hence — Part of speech: adv

• hero, heroine — Part of speech: n,n

• hierarchy — Part of speech: n

• highlight — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "That was the highlight of our trip! I highlighted the most important words in the text."

• highly — Part of speech: adv

• hill — Part of speech: n

• hire — Part of speech: v+n — Example: "We hired a car. The car was for hire."

• historical, historically — Part of speech: adj,adv

• hole — Part of speech: n

• homemaker — Part of speech: n — Gloss: "Housewife or househusband"

• hopeful, hopefully — Part of speech: n,adv

• horizontal — Part of speech: adj

• horse — Part of speech: n

• host — Part of speech: n+v

• human being — Part of speech: n

• human, humanity (= mankind) — Part of speech: n+adj, n

• humanities — Part of speech: n

• hypothesis — Part of speech: n

• i.e. — Part of speech: adv

• ice — Part of speech: n

• ideal, ideally, idealism, idealist — Part of speech: n+adj,adv,n,n

• identical — Part of speech: adj

• identification — Part of speech: n

• ignore, ignorant, ignorance — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• illegal — Part of speech: adj

• illness — Part of speech: n

• illustrate, illustration — Part of speech: v,n

• image, imagery — Part of speech: n

• imagination — Part of speech: n

• immediate — Part of speech: adj

• immigrate, immigrant, immigration — Part of speech: v,n,n

• immoral — Part of speech: adj

• impact — Part of speech: n

• implementation, implement — Part of speech: n,v

• implication, imply — Part of speech: n,v

• implicit — Part of speech: adj

• import — Part of speech: n+v

• importance — Part of speech: n

• impose — Part of speech: v

• impress, impressive, impression — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• improvement — Part of speech: n

• incentive — Part of speech: n

• incident, incidentally — Part of speech: n,adv

• including — Part of speech: adj

• income — Part of speech: n

• increasingly — Part of speech: adv

• independence — Part of speech: n

• index — Part of speech: n

• India, Indian — Part of speech: n, n+adj

• indicate, indication, indicator — Part of speech: v,n,n

• indirect — Part of speech: adj

• individually — Part of speech: adv

• industry, industrial — Part of speech: n,adj

• inevitable, inevitably — Part of speech: adj,adv

• inferior — Part of speech: adj

• influence — Part of speech: n+v

• inform — Part of speech: v

• informal — Part of speech: adj

• infrastructure — Part of speech: n

• inherent, inherently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• initial, initially — Part of speech: adj,adv

• initiative — Part of speech: n

• injury, injured — Part of speech: n,adj

• innovation — Part of speech: n

• input — Part of speech: n

• inquire, inquiry (enquire, enquiry) — Part of speech: n

• insight — Part of speech: n

• insist

• instant, instantly — Part of speech: adj,adv

• institute, institution — Part of speech: n,n

• instruction — Part of speech: n

• instrument — Part of speech: n

• insurance, insure — Part of speech: n,v

• integrate, integration — Part of speech: v,n

• integrity — Part of speech: n

• intellectual — Part of speech: adj+n

• intelligence (military) — Part of speech: n

• intend, intention — Part of speech: v,n

• intense, intensive — Part of speech: adj,adj

• interact, interaction, interactive — Part of speech: v,n,adj

• interest — Part of speech: n — Example: "This topic raises a lot of interest. I invested the money in order to earn interest."

• internal — Part of speech: adj

• interpret, interpretation — Part of speech: v

• intervention — Part of speech: n

• introduce, introduction — Part of speech: v,n

• invention — Part of speech: n

• invest, investment — Part of speech: v,n

• investigate, investigation — Part of speech: v,n

• invisible — Part of speech: adj

• involvement — Part of speech: n

• iron — Part of speech: n+adj — Example: "This tool is made of iron."

• irresponsible

• Islam — Part of speech: n

• Japan, Japanese — Part of speech: n, adj+n

• joint — Part of speech: adj — Example: "We worked together; it was a joint project."

• journal — Part of speech: n

• journalist, journalism — Part of speech: n,n

• Judaism — Part of speech: n

• judgment, judge — Part of speech: n,n+v

• jump — Part of speech: n+v

• just, justice — Part of speech: adj,n

• justify — Part of speech: v

• key (adj) — Part of speech: adj

• kill — Part of speech: v

• king, kingdom — Part of speech: n,n

• kit — Part of speech: n

• kitchen — Part of speech: n

• knee — Part of speech: n

• knowledge — Part of speech: n

• label

• labor — Part of speech: n

• lack — Part of speech: n

• land — Part of speech: v

• landscape — Part of speech: n

• language — Part of speech: n

• largely — Part of speech: adv

• last — Part of speech: v,adj

• late — Part of speech: adj — Example: "The late Shimon Peres."

• latter — Part of speech: n,adj — Gloss: "Former / latter."

• laughter — Part of speech: n

• law, lawyer — Part of speech: n,n

• leadership — Part of speech: n

• leaf — Part of speech: n — Example: "The leaf on a tree."

• lean — Part of speech: v

• leg — Part of speech: n

• legal, legally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• length — Part of speech: n,v

• level — Part of speech: n

• lift — Part of speech: n — Example: "I need a lift to Jerusalem."

• lift — Part of speech: v

• light — Part of speech: adj

• lips — Part of speech: n

• list — Part of speech: n+v

• literature, literary — Part of speech: n

• local — Part of speech: adj

• locate, location — Part of speech: v

• logic, logical — Part of speech: n,adj

• long-term — Part of speech: adj

• look(s) — Part of speech: n

• loss — Part of speech: n

• lovely — Part of speech: adj

• lower — Part of speech: v

• luckily — Part of speech: adv

• madam — Part of speech: n

• maintain, maintenance — Part of speech: v,n

• major, majority — Part of speech: adj,n

• male, masculine — Part of speech: adj,adj

• manage, manager, management — Part of speech: v,n,n

• manner — Part of speech: n

• manners — Part of speech: n

• manufacture — Part of speech: n

• market, marketing — Part of speech: v,n

• marriage, married — Part of speech: n,adj

• mass, massive — Part of speech: n,adj

• master — Part of speech: n+v

• mean — Part of speech: n+adj, n — Example: "A statistical mean; the mean result. He's really mean, I don't like him."

• measure, measurement — Part of speech: v+b, n

• mechanism — Part of speech: n

• media — Part of speech: n

• medical, medicine — Part of speech: adj,n — Example: "A medical student. You have to take your medicine every day. She's studying medicine."

• membership — Part of speech: n

• mental, mentally — Part of speech: adj,adv

• merely, mere — Part of speech: adv,adj

• metal — Part of speech: n+adj

• method — Part of speech: n

• mile — Part of speech: n

• military — Part of speech: adj

• minimal, minimize — Part of speech: adj,v

• minister, ministry — Part of speech: n,n

• minority, minor — Part of speech: n,adj

• mirror — Part of speech: n

• miss — Part of speech: v — Example: "I missed the train. I miss my mother very much."

• mission — Part of speech: n

• mobile — Part of speech: adj,n — Example: "I have a new mobile (phone). (British English for American 'cellphone')"

• mode — Part of speech: n

• model — Part of speech: n+v

• modify, modification — Part of speech: v,n

• monitor — Part of speech: v

• moral, morality — Part of speech: adj,n

• moreover — Part of speech: adv

• mostly — Part of speech: adv

• motive, motivate, motivation — Part of speech: n,v,n

• motor — Part of speech: n

• movement — Part of speech: n

• multiple, multiply — Part of speech: adj,v

• municipal, municipality — Part of speech: adj,n

• murder — Part of speech: v+n

• mutual, mutually — Part of speech: adj,adv

• myth — Part of speech: n

• name — Part of speech: v

• natural, naturally — Part of speech: adj

• nearly — Part of speech: adv

• necessarily, necessity — Part of speech: adj

• neck — Part of speech: n

• need — Part of speech: n

• negative — Part of speech: adj

• negotiate, negotiation — Part of speech: v,n

• net — Part of speech: adj — Example: "Net income."

• network — Part of speech: n

• neutral — Part of speech: adj

• nevertheless, nonetheless — Part of speech: adv

• norm — Part of speech: n

• normally — Part of speech: adv

• northern — Part of speech: adj

• nose — Part of speech: n

• notion — Part of speech: n

• novel — Part of speech: n

• nuclear — Part of speech: adj

• numerous — Part of speech: adj

• nurse — Part of speech: n+v

• object, objection — Part of speech: v,n

• objective — Part of speech: n

• objective — Part of speech: adj

• oblige, obligation — Part of speech: n — Example: "I was obliged to agree."

• observe, observation — Part of speech: v,n

• obtain — Part of speech: v

• obvious, obviously — Part of speech: adj,adv

• occasion — Part of speech: n

• occasionally — Part of speech: adv

• occupy, occupation — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "Is this chair occupied? The occupied territories."

• occur — Part of speech: v

• ocean — Part of speech: n

• offend, offence, offender — Part of speech: v,n,n — Example: "I was offended by his remark. The offender was fined ten thousand shekels."

• offense — Part of speech: n

• officer, official, officially — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• ongoing — Part of speech: adj

• opening — Part of speech: n — Example: "The opening of the new theatre."

• oppose, opposition — Part of speech: v,n

• option, optional, optionally — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• organization — Part of speech: n

• origin, original, originally — Part of speech: v

• otherwise — Part of speech: adv

• outcome — Part of speech: n

• outline — Part of speech: n+v

• output — Part of speech: n

• overall — Part of speech: adj,adv

• own, owner — Part of speech: v,n

• p.m. — Part of speech: adv

• package — Part of speech: n

• pain, painful — Part of speech: n,adj

• paint, painting, painter — Part of speech: v,n,n

• parliament — Part of speech: n

• part, partial — Part of speech: n

• participate, participation — Part of speech: v

• particularly — Part of speech: adv

• partly — Part of speech: adv

• passage — Part of speech: n — Example: "A passage between two houses. A passage of prose."

• passive — Part of speech: n,adj

• pattern — Part of speech: n

• pay, payment — Part of speech: n,n

• peace, peaceful, peacefully — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• pepper — Part of speech: n

• per — Part of speech: prep

• perceive, perception — Part of speech: v

• percent, percentage — Part of speech: adv,n

• perform, performance — Part of speech: v,n

• period — Part of speech: n

• permanent, permanently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• permit, permission — Part of speech: v,n

• personal, personally — Part of speech: adj,adv — Example: "Personally, I don't agree. Personal taste."

• personality — Part of speech: n

• perspective — Part of speech: n

• persuade

• phase — Part of speech: n

• phenomenon, phenomena — Part of speech: n

• physical — Part of speech: adj

• physics — Part of speech: adj

• pilot — Part of speech: n

• place — Part of speech: v

• planet — Part of speech: n

• planning — Part of speech: n

• plant — Part of speech: n+v

• plastic — Part of speech: n+adj

• play, player — Part of speech: n,n

• pleasure — Part of speech: n — Example: "It's a pleasure! (response to thanks)"

• pocket — Part of speech: n

• point — Part of speech: n

• point — Part of speech: v

• policy — Part of speech: n

• politics, politician, political — Part of speech: n,n,adj

• pool — Part of speech: n — Example: "A pool of water. A pool of resources."

• population — Part of speech: n

• positive, positively — Part of speech: adj,adv

• possess, possession, possessive — Part of speech: v,n,v

• possibly, possibility — Part of speech: adv,n

• post — Part of speech: v — Example: "We posted our responses on the forum. I posted my letter. (British)"

• potential — Part of speech: n,adj

• pour — Part of speech: v

• poverty — Part of speech: n

• practical — Part of speech: adj

• practically — Part of speech: adv

• precise, precisely — Part of speech: n

• predict, prediction

• prepare, preparation — Part of speech: v,n

• present, presence — Part of speech: adj,n

• presentation — Part of speech: n

• president — Part of speech: n

• press — Part of speech: n — Example: "The main headlines in the press."

• press, pressure — Part of speech: v,n

• pretty — Part of speech: adj

• pretty — Part of speech: adv

• prevent, prevention — Part of speech: v,n

• previous, previously — Part of speech: adj,adv

• pride — Part of speech: n

• primary — Part of speech: adj

• principal — Part of speech: adj,n

• principle — Part of speech: n

• prior, priority — Part of speech: adj,n

• prison, prisoner — Part of speech: n,n

• probable, probability — Part of speech: adj,n

• problematic — Part of speech: adj

• proceed, procedure — Part of speech: v,n

• process — Part of speech: v

• produce, product, production — Part of speech: v,n,n

• profession, professional — Part of speech: n,adj

• profile — Part of speech: n

• profit, profitable — Part of speech: n+v,adj

• progress, progressive — Part of speech: n+v,adj

• project — Part of speech: n

• project — Part of speech: v

• promise — Part of speech: v+n

• promote, promotion — Part of speech: v+n

• properly — Part of speech: adv

• property — Part of speech: n

• proportion — Part of speech: n

• propose, proposal — Part of speech: v,n

• prospect — Part of speech: n

• protection — Part of speech: n

• protest — Part of speech: n+v

• provision — Part of speech: n — Example: "The provision of essential supplies."

• psychology, psychological — Part of speech: n,adj

• publish, publication — Part of speech: v,n

• pull — Part of speech: v

• pursue — Part of speech: v

• quality — Part of speech: n

• quantity — Part of speech: n

• race, racial, racism — Part of speech: n,adj,n

• radical — Part of speech: adj

• random — Part of speech: adj

• range — Part of speech: n

• rapid, rapidly — Part of speech: adj,adv

• rate — Part of speech: n

• rating — Part of speech: n

• ratio — Part of speech: n

• rational — Part of speech: adj

• rationale — Part of speech: n

• react, reaction — Part of speech: v,n

• readily — Part of speech: adv

• reality — Part of speech: n

• reasonable — Part of speech: adj

• recall — Part of speech: v

• receipt — Part of speech: n

• reception — Part of speech: n — Example: "Please go to the reception at the hotel. The President had a warm reception."

• recognition — Part of speech: n

• recommend, recommendation — Part of speech: v,n

• recover, recovery — Part of speech: v,n

• recruit, recruitment — Part of speech: v,n

• reduce, reduction — Part of speech: v,n

• refer, reference — Part of speech: v,n

• reflect, reflection — Part of speech: v,n

• reform — Part of speech: v+n

• refugee — Part of speech: n

• refuse, refusal — Part of speech: v,n

• regard — Part of speech: v+n

• regarding — Part of speech: prep

• regime — Part of speech: n

• region, regional — Part of speech: n,adj

• regulation — Part of speech: n

• reinforce — Part of speech: n,v

• reject, rejection — Part of speech: v,n

• relationship — Part of speech: n

• relative, relatively — Part of speech: adj,adv

• release — Part of speech: v+n

• relevant, relevance — Part of speech: adj,n

• relief, relieved — Part of speech: n,adj

• rely, reliable — Part of speech: v,adj

• represent, representative, representation — Part of speech: v,n+adj,n

• require, required, requirement — Part of speech: v,adj,n

• research — Part of speech: n+v+adj

• resident, reside, residential — Part of speech: n+adj,v,adj

• resist, resistance — Part of speech: n+v

• resolve, resolution — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "She resolved to leave. We resolved the problem. The UN approved the resolution."

• resource — Part of speech: adv

• respectively — Part of speech: adv

• respond, response — Part of speech: v,n

• restaurant — Part of speech: n

• restrict, restriction — Part of speech: v,n

• retain — Part of speech: v

• reveal — Part of speech: v

• review — Part of speech: n+v

• revise, revision — Part of speech: v,n — Example: "The author was asked to revise the article. We revised the material before the test. (British)"

• revolution, revolutionary — Part of speech: n,adj

• ring — Part of speech: n,v — Example: "She wore a ring. I heard a ring. Please ring me when you have time."

• ritual — Part of speech: n

• rock — Part of speech: n — Example: "We climbed up to the rock at the top of the mountain."

• roll — Part of speech: v+n — Example: "The ball rolled into a corner. A bread roll."

• roof — Part of speech: n

• root — Part of speech: n

• route — Part of speech: n

• row — Part of speech: n — Example: "We stood in a row."

• rural — Part of speech: adj

• rush — Part of speech: v+n

• Russia, Russian — Part of speech: n,adj+n

• safety — Part of speech: n

• salary — Part of speech: n

• sample — Part of speech: n

• sanctions — Part of speech: n

• satisfy, satisfaction — Part of speech: v,n

• scale — Part of speech: n — Example: "Large-scale, small-scale."

• scenario — Part of speech: n

• scene — Part of speech: n

• scenery — Part of speech: n

• scheme — Part of speech: n

• science, scientific, scientist — Part of speech: n,adj,n

• score — Part of speech: n — Example: "The score was 2-1."

• screen — Part of speech: n+v

• secondly — Part of speech: adv — Example: "She was introduced first of all as a brilliant scientist and secondly as a composer."

• section — Part of speech: n

• sector — Part of speech: n

• secure, security — Part of speech: adj,n

• seek — Part of speech: v

• select, selection — Part of speech: v,n

• senior — Part of speech: adj

• sensitive, sensitivity — Part of speech: adj,n

• separate, separation — Part of speech: adj+v,n

• sequence — Part of speech: n

• series — Part of speech: n

• seriously — Part of speech: adv

• servant — Part of speech: n

• setting — Part of speech: n

• settle, settlement — Part of speech: v,n

• severe, severely — Part of speech: adj,adv

• shadow — Part of speech: n

• shake — Part of speech: v — Example: "Shake hands."

• share — Part of speech: v

• ship — Part of speech: n

• short-term — Part of speech: adj

• shot — Part of speech: n

• shoulder — Part of speech: n

• sight — Part of speech: n

• signal — Part of speech: n

• significant, significantly, significance — Part of speech: adj,adv,n

• sir — Part of speech: n

• skill, skilled — Part of speech: n,adj

• slight, slightly — Part of speech: adj,adv

• slip — Part of speech: v+n — Example: "He slipped and fell. I made a slip in spelling."

• snow — Part of speech: n

• software — Part of speech: n

• soldier — Part of speech: n

• sole, solely — Part of speech: adj,adv

• solution — Part of speech: n

• somehow — Part of speech: adv

• somewhat — Part of speech: adv

• somewhere — Part of speech: adv

• soul — Part of speech: n

• source — Part of speech: n

• southern — Part of speech: adj

• spatial — Part of speech: adj

• specialize — Part of speech: v

• specify, specific, specifically — Part of speech: v,adj,adv

• speech — Part of speech: n

• spirit, spiritual — Part of speech: n,adj

• spot — Part of speech: n

• spread — Part of speech: n+v

• stable — Part of speech: adj

• stairs — Part of speech: n

• stand — Part of speech: v — Example: "Where do you stand on this issue?"

• stare — Part of speech: n

• statistics — Part of speech: n

• status — Part of speech: v

• steal — Part of speech: v

• steel — Part of speech: n

• stereotype — Part of speech: n,v

• stimulate — Part of speech: v

• stock — Part of speech: n

• stone — Part of speech: n

• storm — Part of speech: n

• strategy, strategic — Part of speech: n,adj

• strength, strengthen — Part of speech: n,v

• stress, stressful — Part of speech: n,adj

• stretch — Part of speech: v

• strongly — Part of speech: adv

• structure — Part of speech: n

• struggle — Part of speech: n+v

• studio — Part of speech: n

• subjective — Part of speech: adj

• subsequent, subsequently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• substance — Part of speech: n

• substantial — Part of speech: adj

• success, successful, successfully — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• suffer, suffering — Part of speech: v,n

• sufficient, sufficiently — Part of speech: adj,adv

• sugar — Part of speech: n

• suit — Part of speech: n

• suit, suitable — Part of speech: v,adj

• sum — Part of speech: n

• summarize, summary — Part of speech: v,n

• supply — Part of speech: v+n

• surely — Part of speech: adj

• surface — Part of speech: n,adj

• surgery — Example: "He had surgery, but is recovering well. I went to the surgery to consult the doctor."

• surround, surroundings — Part of speech: v,n

• survey — Part of speech: v+n

• survive, survival — Part of speech: v,n

• suspect — Part of speech: v

• sustain — Part of speech: v

• symbol — Part of speech: n

• system — Part of speech: n — Example: "The education system. We have a new system of grading exams."

• table — Part of speech: n — Example: "The figures are shown in a table."

• talk — Part of speech: n

• target — Part of speech: n

• task — Part of speech: n

• taste — Part of speech: n — Example: "It's a question of taste."

• teaching(s) — Part of speech: v+n — Example: "The teachings of Socrates."

• tear — Part of speech: v — Example: "To tear a piece of paper."

• tear — Part of speech: n — Example: "He had tears in his eyes."

• technical — Part of speech: adj

• technique — Part of speech: n

• technology, technological — Part of speech: n,adj

• temperature — Part of speech: n

• temporary, temporarily — Part of speech: adj,adv

• tendency — Part of speech: n

• term — Part of speech: n

• terms — Part of speech: n — Example: "The terms of the agreement."

• territory — Part of speech: n

• theater — Part of speech: n

• theme — Part of speech: n

• theory — Part of speech: n

• thereby — Part of speech: adv

• threat, threaten — Part of speech: n,v

• thus — Part of speech: adv

• tie — Part of speech: v

• tiny — Part of speech: adj

• tip — Part of speech: n — Example: "Give a good tip. The tip of an iceberg. Give the waiter a tip."

• tired — Part of speech: adj

• tone — Part of speech: n — Example: "A tone of voice. A telephone ring-tone."

• tooth — Part of speech: n

• totally — Part of speech: adv

• touch — Part of speech: n+v — Example: "He was touched by her kind words. A touch screen."

• tough — Part of speech: adj

• track — Part of speech: n — Example: "We walked along the track. Please play the first track on the disk."

• tradition, traditional, traditionally — Part of speech: n,adj,adv

• transfer — Part of speech: v

• transform — Part of speech: v

• transmit — Part of speech: v

• transport, transportation — Part of speech: n,n

• travel — Part of speech: n

• trek — Part of speech: v+n

• trend — Part of speech: n

• trial — Part of speech: n

• troops — Part of speech: n

• truly — Part of speech: adv

• trust — Part of speech: n+v

• truth — Part of speech: n

• twice — Part of speech: adv

• typical, typically — Part of speech: adj,adv

• unable — Part of speech: adj

• unemployed, unemployment — Part of speech: adj,n

• unfortunately — Part of speech: adv

• union — Part of speech: n

• unique — Part of speech: adj

• unite, united — Part of speech: v,adj

• universe, universal — Part of speech: n,adj

• university — Part of speech: n

• unlikely — Part of speech: adj

• upper — Part of speech: adj

• urban — Part of speech: adj

• use, user — Part of speech: n,n

• valid — Part of speech: adj,n

• value, valuable — Part of speech: n,adj

• variety, variation — Part of speech: n,n

• vary, various, varied — Part of speech: v,adj,adj

• vehicle — Part of speech: n

• version — Part of speech: n

• vertical — Part of speech: n

• via — Part of speech: prep

• victim — Part of speech: n

• victory — Part of speech: n

• video — Part of speech: n+adj

• violent, violence — Part of speech: adj,n

• virtual, virtually — Part of speech: adj,adv — Example: "Virtual reality. I understood virtually all of what they said."

• virtue — Part of speech: n

• visible — Part of speech: adj

• vision — Part of speech: n — Example: "He is a man of vision. Her vision is poor"

• visitor — Part of speech: n

• vital — Part of speech: adj

• volume — Part of speech: n — Example: "The volume was very loud. What is the volume of a cube?"

• voluntary — Part of speech: adj

• volunteer — Part of speech: n+v

• vote, voter — Part of speech: n,n

• wave — Part of speech: n

• way — Part of speech: n

• weak, weakness — Part of speech: n,n

• weapon — Part of speech: n

• weekend — Part of speech: n,adj

• welfare — Part of speech: n

• western — Part of speech: adj

• whereas — Part of speech: conj

• whom — Part of speech: pron

• wicked — Part of speech: adj

• widely — Part of speech: adv

• width — Part of speech: n

• wild — Part of speech: n

• will — Part of speech: n — Example: "Where there's a will there's a way."

• willing — Part of speech: adj

• wine — Part of speech: n

• wing — Part of speech: n — Example: "The wing of a bird."

• winner — Part of speech: n

• withdraw — Part of speech: n+v

• witness — Part of speech: n

• workshop — Part of speech: n

• writer — Part of speech: n

• yard — Part of speech: n — Example: "The yard behind a house."

• youth — Part of speech: n — Example: "I remember my youth. The youth of today."

• zone — Part of speech: n

Band III Core Chunks and Expressions

• a degree of — Example: "You need a degree of confidence to succeed."

• a handful of

• about to do sth — Example: "I was about to call you when you rang."

• aimed at — Example: "These activities are aimed at senior citizens."

• all in all

• all sorts of sth

• all the way

• among other things

• as a matter of fact

• as a whole

• as follows

• as for

• as though

• at a time — Example: "two at a time"

• at first sight

• at risk

• at the expense of

• at times

• attached to sb or sth

• back up sb / sth / back sb / sth up

• be able to do sth

• be no good / be not any/much good

• be the case — Example: "That is not the case, it's not true"

• be to blame

• bear in mind / keep in mind

• better off

• blow up — Example: "The children blew up the balloons for the birthday party. The blew up the old building with dynamite"

• bound to — Example: "It's bound to happen, inevitable."

• break down — Example: "The old car broke down"

• break off — Example: "We broke off the discussion to have coffee"

• break out — Example: "a disease broke out and many people died"

• break up — Example: "They broke up the meeting."

• bring up — Example: "The chairperson brought up a new issue. The parents bring up their children."

• by / in contrast (to)

• by far — Example: "They are by far the best team in the country"

• by means of / by means of sth

• by no means

• by now

• call for — Example: "I'll come by and call for you at eight o'clock at your home."

• can tell — Example: "I can tell by your smile that you are satisfied."

• care for — Example: "She cares for her old mother."

• carry on sth / carry sth on

• catch up (with) — Example: "Let's meet and catch up! I was walking faster than he was, so I soon caught up with him."

• check out — Example: "Check out of the hotel by 12 o'clock ."

• check out sth / check sth out — Example: "We checked out the area: it's safe."

• clean up — Example: "Please clean up after you’ve finished working here."

• close down sth / close sth down

• come across sth/sb — Example: "I came across this idea as I was reading."

• come down with sth — Example: "He came down with the flu"

• come on!

• come out — Example: "The books comes out next month."

• come over — Example: "Please come over when you're in town!"

• come true

• come up (to) — Example: "A stranger came up (to me) to ask for directions"

• come up with sth — Example: "She came up with an amazing idea."

• common sense

• concerned with sth — Example: "The article is concerned with matters of health."

• consist of

• contrary to

• cope with

• cut off — Example: "We talked on the telephone until we were cut off."

• do so

• during/in/over the course of

• end up — Example: "She studied medicine but ended up being a teacher."

• even so

• except that/for

• fail to do sth — Example: "I failed to complete the assignment on time. He failed to turn up."

• figure out sth/sb, figure sth/sb out

• fond of

• for good

• for life

• for long

• for some time

• for the moment

• for the sake of

• free from

• from time to time

• full-time

• get away with — Example: "He cheated and got away with it."

• get into — Example: "He got into University"

• get it — Example: "I just don't get it."

• get on sb nerves

• get on with — Example: "She gets on well with her neighbors."

• get out — Example: "Don't get out before I park the car."

• get over — Example: "She couldn't get over her disappointment."

• get rid of

• get through

• get to — Example: "I'm worried where they got to, they're very late."

• give back sth / give sth back

• give in — Example: "I finally gave in to his persuasion, and agreed to do it."

• give out sth / give sth out — Example: "Please give out the books to the students."

• go for it!

• go for sth — Example: "You should go for the auditions as you are good at singing"

• go into — Example: "We'll go into details later"

• go off — Example: "They stayed for a while, and then went off. The milk wasn't fresh and went off quickly."

• go over — Example: "Please go over your work before you submit it."

• go through

• good for you!

• grow up

• hand out sth / hand sth out

• hand over sth/sb / hand sth/sb over

• hang on — Example: "Hang on, it won't take long!"

• hold back sth / hold sth back — Example: "He held back his tears"

• hold on — Example: "hold on a minute, I am not ready!"

• hold up sb/sth / hold sb/sth up

• how come

• How/What about …?

• I suppose (so)

• I/you/he etc. had better do sth — Example: "You'd better see a doctor."

• if only

• if so

• if you like

• I'm afraid — Example: "I'm afraid you're wrong"

• in a way

• in advance

• in case of sth

• in detail

• in favor of

• in full

• in itself — Example: "The book wasn't interesting in itself but the illustrations were good"

• in need of

• in part

• in practice — Example: "In practice, the rules have had a positive effect."

• in public

• in relation to — Example: "Buying a house is expensive in relation to income. We have questions in relation to your decision."

• in return (for)

• in short

• in sth terms / in terms of sth — Example: "In political terms, the move was a failure."

• in that case

• in the first place — Example: "Why didn't you say so in the first place. There are various reasons for this. In the first place….."

• in the form of sth

• in the light of sth — Example: "In light of the new information…."

• in the long run

• in the meantime

• in this respect / in many respects

• in view of

• in/by contrast

• in/with regard to

• it would appear (that)

• it's a good thing

• just about

• just as — Example: "Just as I was leaving…. Her painting was just as good as his."

• (just) in case

• keep on doing sth

• keep up sth / keep sth up

• let alone — Example: "He can't take care of his pet dog let alone a baby!"

• line up (sb/sth) / line (sb/sth) up — Example: "Please line up to get your certificates."

• long-term

• look down on sb

• look out for sb/sth

• Look out!

• made up of

• make a (big) difference, make no difference

• make no difference/not make any difference

• make out sth / make sth out — Example: "Could you make out his meaning?"

• make up one's your mind / make your mind up

• make up sth / make sth up — Example: "I made up a story"

• make use of

• make-up, make up — Example: "She made up her face with new make-up"

• more or less

• move on

• never heard of sb/sth

• next-door (adj) next door (adv) — Example: "next-door neighbor, the flat next door"

• no such thing

• no wonder

• nothing but

• now and then

• old fashioned

• on and off

• on average

• on behalf of

• on board — Example: "There were 500 passengers on board."

• on the contrary

• on the grounds (that/of) — Example: "I declined the offer on the grounds of my health."

• open up sth / open sth up

• or so — Example: "ten or so"

• or something (like that)

• other than

• out of — Example: "The table is made out of wood. Out of all the people I saw today, I enjoyed seeing you most!"

• out of date

• owing to

• part-time

• pass away

• pass on sth / pass sth on — Example: "Please pass on this message as soon as you can."

• pay attention (to sth)

• pay off sth / pay sth off, pay off — Example: "We paid off our debts at last! His efforts paid off."

• point out sth / point sth out

• prior to

• provided that

• put down sth / put sth down — Example: "Put down your bags and come in."

• put forward sth / put sth forward — Example: "The students have pur forward a proposal to shorten the term."

• put off sth / put sth off

• put on sth / put sth on

• put sth together / put together sth

• put up sb / put sb up — Example: "Can you put me up overnight?"

• put up with — Example: "I won't put up with this nonsense!"

• refer to — Example: "He referred to his parents as "my folks" ."

• regardless (of)

• relate(d) to sb/sth — Example: "Many youngsters can't relate to old people."

• rely on/upon

• result in

• run into — Example: "I ran into him the other day which was a nice surprise."

• run out (of) — Example: "We ran out of paper"

• run over — Example: "The car ran over the dog."

• set off — Example: "They set off on their journey."

• set out — Example: "They set out at sunrise"

• set out / set out sth / set sth out — Example: "The teacher set out the rules on first day of class."

• settle down

• shake hands

• shake your head — Example: "He shook his head in disagreement."

• short of sth — Example: "He was short of time."

• short term / in the short term / long term/ in the long

• show up — Example: "she showed up earlier than expected."

• shut down (sth) / shut down (sth) — Example: "We shut down the computer."

• shut (sb) up — Example: "You're talking too much: shut up!"

• slow down

• so as to

• so-called — Example: "His so-called friends didn't help him."

• stand for — Example: "UN stands for United Nations"

• stand out

• stand up for sb/sth

• stand up to sb/sth

• start out

• straight away

• such as

• sum up sth/sb / sum sth/sb up

• supposed to do/be sth — Example: "you were supposed to be ready at six o'clock."

• take advantage of sth/sbd — Example: "I took advantage of my free time to catch up on work. You shouldn't take advantage of someone's weakness."

• take back sth / take sth back

• take for granted

• take off — Example: "The plane took off (fly). I took off my hat (remove)."

• take on sb / take sb on / take onsth / take sth on — Example: "We took on too much work. We took too much work on ourselves."

• take over sth / take sth over

• take turns

• take up sth / take sth up — Example: "It takes up too much time. She took up dancing."

• that sort of thing

• that's it

• the idea of

• the main thing

• the other day/week

• the other way round/around

• the thing is…

• these days

• things like that

• think over sth or think sth over

• throw up — Example: "If you eat too much chocolate you might throw up."

• to date

• to some extent / to a certain extent

• turn (sth) back

• turn down sb/sth / turn sb/sth down — Example: "She proposed marriage and he turned her down."

• turn down sth / turn sth down — Example: "Please turn down the volume. Please turn it down."

• turn off sth / turn sth off

• turn on sth / turn sth on

• turn out — Example: "Everything turned out well. We were turned out of our house."

• turn sb/sth into sb/sth — Example: "The frog turned into a prince. The witch turned the prince into a frog."

• turn to — Example: "She had nobody to turn to for help."

• turn up — Example: "He turned up unexpectedly."

• turn up sth / turn sth up , turn up (somewhere) — Example: "please turn up the volume. Please turn it up."

• up and down — Example: "The children were running up and down the hall."

• up to date

• up to date, out of date

• well-being

• Who cares?!

• with respect to

• with a view to doing st h

• work out — Example: "I work out at the gym three times a week."

• work sth out / work out sth

• worth sth/doing sth

• Would you like …?

• write sth down or write down sth