Muscle Anatomy

Extensibility- ability to stretch

Contractility- ability to shorten

Excitability- responds to stimuli

Elasticity-ability to shorten

Synergist- muscle that aids a primer mover in a movement and helps

Prime mover- muscle with the major responsibility for a certain movement

Antagonist- muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover

fixator- stabilizes the origin of a prime mover

Specialized gap junctions found in cardiac cells are called Intercalated discs

what covering wraps the entire muscle Epilysium

Covering that wraps individual muscle fibers Endomysium

Covering that wraps a bundle of muscle fibers Perimysium

Which type of muscle is multinucleated skeletal

which type of muscle is voluntary skeletal

which 2 types of muscles are striated skeletal and cardiac

muscle found in hollow organs smooth

which muscle type has a single nucleus cardiac and smooth

Skeletal muscles from largest to smallest-

Fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament

The plasma membrane of the skeletal muscle is called- sarcolemma

Myosin proteins are found on which filaments Thick

Why does skeletal muscle look striated? Alternating A & I Bands

The brain stimulates a nerve sending the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine across the synaptic cleft

The presence of this neurotransmitter causes the sodium-potassium pump to Depolarize the cell membrane.

The cell membrane signals the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release its calcium stores.

Calcium binds to the way so the myosin of the thick filaments can bind.

A power stroke occurs and the muscle shortens.

In order for the myosin to release an ATP must then bind to it.

Oxygen debt causes the buildup of Lactic Acid

Which muscle fiber are associated with high endurance muscle slow twitch

T or F Muscle Tone is when you have partially sustained muscle contraction. TRUE

Sustained muscle contraction due to a lack of nutrients is called a cramp

Sustained muscle contraction due to a lack of ATP in the absence of 02

Pronate- hands facing downward

Circumduction- Circular motion of the humerus on the scapula

Rotation-A bone turning on its axis

Extend-Increase angle of the joint

Abduct- Arms laterally moving away from the body

Supinate- Hands facing upward

Flec- Decreasing the angle of a joint

Adduct- Bring arms down to sides

4 muscles of the quadrecep

Rectus Femoris

Vastus Lateralis

Vastus Intermedius

Vastus Medialis

3 muscles of the hamstring

Bicep Femoris

Semitendonosis

Semimembranosis

Action of the deltoid- Abduction

Action of the bicep femoris- Flexion

Shape of the trapezius- Table

Shape of the deltoid- Triangle

Shape of the Rectus Femoris- Straight & Long

Shape of the obicularis oculi- circular