Filipino 10 Module Week 1 — Roman Mythology & Pandiwa Notes

Students are expected to master four main skills by the end of the lesson:
- Relate key ideas from a myth to events in personal, family, community, societal, and global contexts (code: $F10PB-Ia-b-62$ ).
- Infer word meaning from its morphological structure (code: $F10PT-Ia-b-61$ ).
- Express clear personal opinions on the discussed topic (code: $F10PS-Ia-b-64$ ).
- Use verb focus correctly—actor, object, beneficiary, instrument—in describing actions, events, and experiences (code: $F10WG-Ia-b$ ).

Mythology discusses creation of the world, change of seasons, and sun–moon–earth interaction.
Characters include gods/goddesses and ordinary humans.
Myths mirror a people’s culture and beliefs.
Mythic events connect to real-life situations.
Setting is ancient, not modern.

Body of traditional stories concerning Rome’s legendary origins and religious beliefs.
Considered by Romans as historical even with supernatural elements.
Themes often center on politics, morality, and conformity to divine law.
Heroism is highly valued.
Focus more on rituals/institutions than on theology/cosmogony.
Key literary sources:
- Aeneid by Virgil.
- Livy’s historical writings.
- Ovid’s Fasti (six-book poetic religious calendar).
- Propertius’ Fourth Book of Elegies.
Visual sources: wall paintings, coins, sculptural reliefs.

Psyche, a mortal of extraordinary beauty, remains unmarried because men worship rather than court her.
Venus, jealous, orders her son Cupid to make Psyche love a monster; Cupid himself falls for Psyche.
Apollo’s oracle instructs Psyche’s father to leave her on a mountain; Zephyr brings her to an invisible husband in a golden palace.
Psyche’s sisters, envious, convince her her husband is a monster; she lights a lamp, sees the handsome Cupid, spills hot oil; Cupid flees.
Psyche seeks Venus, who imposes four tasks:
1. Sort mixed seeds → ants assist her.
2. Collect wool from savage rams → reed/plant advises her.
3. Fetch black water from a perilous cliff-spring → eagle helps.
4. Deliver a box to Persephone to obtain a bit of beauty → a talking tower guides her through the Underworld.
Psyche opens the box out of vanity; falls into death-like sleep.
Recovered by healed Cupid; he appeals to Jupiter, who grants Psyche immortality via ambrosia.
Marriage of Cupid and Psyche; Psyche becomes goddess of the soul; Venus finally appeased.

Jealousy, trust, and betrayal resonate with family, community, and societal experiences.
Tasks symbolize life’s challenges and the value of perseverance and external help.
Quote: “Love cannot live where there is no trust” applies to relationships at all levels.

Actor/Tagaganap – subject performs the action; answers “who?”.
• Nagtago si Psyche …
Object/Layon – subject is the object of the action; answers “what?”.
• Ginawa ni Psyche ang mga pagsubok …
Beneficiary/Pinaglalaanan – subject receives the action; answers “for whom?”.
• Dinalhan ni Psyche ng cake ang asong may dalawang ulo.
Instrument/Kagamitan – subject is the means; answers “by what?”.
• Ipinambukas ni Cupid ang punyal …

Gawain 1 Talasalitaan: deduce meanings of underlined words from affixes/root combinations (e.g., kaibig-ibig, isip-talangka, kalumbayan).
Gawain 2 Q & A: critical questions on motives, character flaws, real-life parallels, personal decisions, interpretation of Cupid’s maxim.
Rubric: 5 pts (all criteria), 3 pts (two), 1 pt (one).
Gawain 3 Connection Chart: map mythic ideas to self, family, community, society, world.
Gawain 4 Grammar Practice: compare Filipino & Roman culture via Venn diagram; employ verb foci; conclude with personal insight.

Write a paragraph stating clear opinion on parental involvement in choosing a child’s life partner; follow rubric (sentence quality, logical flow, coherence).

Setting: coastal village thriving under Hydra’s oceanic blessings; sacred spawning ground “Isla Beiri” strictly off-limits.
Conflict: Evan’s group, driven by greed, blasts fish with dynamite in the forbidden lake.
Witness: Zalle (Hydra’s heir) reports; Hydra confronts and punishes—stops providing abundant catch.
Resolution: fish scarcity forces repentance; community performs thanksgiving ritual; ecology gradually recovers.
Embedded morals: contentment, environmental stewardship, consequences of greed, power of forgiveness.

1 B, 2 A, 3 D, 4 D, 5 D.

Draw a symbol of true love; supply a concise, logical explanation; rubric evaluates message clarity, relevance, organization.

Trust as cornerstone of relationships.
Parental interference vs. individual autonomy in mate selection touches cultural, ethical, and psychological domains.
Ecological myths (Hydra) highlight modern conservation issues and community responsibility.

Builds upon Grade 9 focus on folk narratives and addresses contemporary competency codes.
Reinforces morphological analysis previously introduced (root + affix meanings).
Grammar component aligns with prior lessons on voice and mood but emphasizes semantic focus.

Curriculum codes: $F10PB-Ia-b-62$ , $F10PT-Ia-b-61$ , $F10PS-Ia-b-64$ , $F10WG-Ia-b$ .
Rubric score ranges: $5$ (excellent), $3$ (satisfactory), $1$ (needs improvement).

Re-read Cupid & Psyche alongside other myths; chart similarities/differences.
Practice identifying verb focus by asking “sino/ano/para kanino/sa pamamagitan ng ano.”
When crafting opinions, anchor arguments in concrete myth details and real-life analogies.
For the Venn diagram, list at least $3$ unique cultural traits for each side and $3$ commonalities.