Fundamental UML Concepts

1. Attributes: Properties or data of a class (e.g., name, age).

2. Operations = Behaviour: Functions or methods that define what a class can do (e.g., calculateSalary()).

3. class is a blueprint,
instance is a specific object created from that blueprint.

4. Association: A relationship between two classes (e.g., a Teacher is associated with a Student).

5. Inheritance: A class (child) inherits properties and methods from another class (parent).

6. Realization: A class implements an interface, providing concrete behavior for the methods defined in the interface.

7. Dependency: One class depends on another for some functionality, often represented by a dashed line.

8. Aggregation: A "whole-part" relationship where the part can exist independently (e.g., Library has many Books).

9. Composition: A stronger form of aggregation where the part cannot exist without the whole (e.g., House has Rooms).

10. Role: The role that an object plays in a relationship (e.g., Teacher plays the role of Instructor).

11. Multiplicity: Specifies how many objects of one class can be associated with objects of another class (e.g., 1..* means one to many).

12. Generalisation: The process of extracting common features from multiple classes into a general, higher-level class (similar to inheritance).

13. Abstract Class: A class that cannot be instantiated on its own and is used as a base for other classes.

14. Operation: A method or function that defines behavior within a class.

15. Encapsulation: Hiding the internal details of a class and exposing only necessary functionality (e.g., using private and public access modifiers).

16. Signature: The declaration of an operation, specifying its name, parameters, and return type (e.g., int calculateSalary(int hoursWorked)).

These are the core ideas simplified for quick understanding!