Noun Plurals

5 main types

• 1: no ending but umlaut an a, o, or u in the word

  • Nouns ending in -er, -en, -el, -chen, -lein are commonly in this group

• 2: add -e and an umlaut to an a, o, or u in the word

  • Almost 90% of masculine nouns

  • A lot of monosyllabic feminine nouns and neuter nouns

• 3: add -er and always add umlaut

  • Mostly monosyllabic neuter nouns

• 4: add -n or -en and never add an umlaut

  • All nouns ending in -heit, -keit, -schaft

  • Also a lot of feminine nouns

• 5: add -s and never and umlaut

  • End in -a, -i, -o

The definite article in the plural is die for all genders

Ein has no plural and the plural of kein is keine