Andalucia

  • Andalucia, Spain - largest southernmost region   * cities: Sevilla, Córdoba, Granada, Málaga   * Moors ruled from 711-1492     * came from Africa   * Language: Arabic   * Andalucia = Al Andalus = country of the vandals
  • Granada - La Alhambra   * last Moorish stronghold to fall to the Christians in 1492     * Sierra Nevadas defended them (hard for king ferdinand)       * use human shields - defeat Moors by sheer numbers   * King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella     * wanted to convert everyone to Christianity     * sent Christopher Columbus       * went to Canary Islands first to resupply   * Also known as El Castillo Rojo   * 3 Main Areas     * Alcazaba - military zone or barracks, oldest part     * Palatine - city or palaces of royalty     * Generalife - garden of the sultan   * Aqueducts: natural water flow through aqueducts   * Nasrid Palaces: business & judicial meetings, calligraphy   * Guadalquivir River     * only navigable river in Spain     * Arabic = Al Wad Al Kabir = great river     * flows through Córdoba & Sevilla = important trading centers
  • Sevilla   * Real Alcazár de Sevilla: royal palaces     * Puerta del León: entrance to palaces     * original palaces only have 1 floor, but added another during colonial times     * gardens   * Cathedrals     * largest gothic church in the world     * shape is always a cross       * middle = main altar         * El Coro (choir)         * 15thc. woodwork         * Organ 18thc 7000 pipes, Baroque     * Tomb of Colón (Columbus)       * bury cardinals and saints         * cardinals hat marks grave       * legend says Columbus is buried in that tomb   * La Giralda Tower     * muslim mosque     * Christians (1492) destroy all mosques       * La Giralda remains
  • La Plaza España   * World´s Fair 1929 - centerpiece   * Ibero-American Expo   * within El Parque María Luisa   * houses many gov officials   * many famous movies   * tiles: Azulejos - handpainted
  • Flamenco   * 4 types     * Alegrías = happy     * Soleares = serious     * fandangos = folksy     * saetas = sung during Semana Santa ( holy week - week before Easter)   * Themes     * death     * religion     * love   * guitar music and palo seco     * spanish: “dry stick” a stick beat on the floor to keep time   * duende     * intensely focused trancelike look by the dances
  • Córdoba - La Mezquita   * mosque - largest in Córdoba   * christians wanted moors to be destroyed for good     * tore down mosqeus, but also put Christian images inside     * built cathedral around the mosque
  • Málaga (city near coast)   * Caminito Del Rey - trail     * built 1905, refurbished 1980s, reopened 2015   * Paella     * rice dish   * Gazpacho     * cold tomato soup   * Pablo Picasso     * born in Málaga (1881-1973)     * Guernica protested the Spanish civil war       * name of city in northern spain in Baske       * ruler of Spain (Franco) friends with Hitler         * sent bombers to Guernica bc suspicious of rebels           * not many were actually rebels   * Federico Garciá Lorca (1898-1936)     * wrote the “Rural Trilogy”       * Bodas de Sangre - blood weddings       * La Casa de Bernarda Alba - The House of Bernarda Alba       * Yerma     * executed at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War       * protestor against Franco   * El AVE Tren (1992)     * bullet train     * 1992 - World Expo & Olympics (Barcelona)       * used money granted     * Madrid to Sevilla in 3hrs   * Bullfighting     * let the bull out and let it run     * tire out the bull by provoking it     * Banderilleros       * on horseback w/ spear       * stick spears in the back of the bull         * enrages the bull     * Matador       * has a cape and a sword       * closer = more bravo       * jam the sword into the bull’s head right above the eye to hit the spinal chord         * goal: full length of the sword inside bull     * process the bull

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