knowt ap exam guide logo

Biology - Cells

  1. Describe structural and physiological differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.


  1. Describe differences between bacteria, animal and plant cells. 


  1. Describe the function of the following organelles and the type of cell they are found in…



a. cytosol

b. cytoplasm

c. nucleus

d. ribosome

g. rough endoplasmic reticulum

h. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

i. golgi apparatus

j. lysosome (peroxisome)

k. mitochondria

m. cell wall

n. chloroplast

p. plasma membrane

q. central vacuole

r. cilia/ flagella



  1. Describe the basic structure and composition of the plasma membrane.


  1. Describe how the plasma membrane accomplishes the following: 

a. movement of material into and out of the cell

b. communication with other cells

c. maintenance of fluidity


  1. Describe diffusion and the movement of molecules up (against) or down (with) a concentration gradient. 


  1. Describe the terms permeable and semi-permeable and relate them to movement through the plasma membrane. 


  1. Describe the processes of passive transport (osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion) with and without protein assistance. 


  1. Describe the process of active transport and why it is necessary. 


  1. Describe the processes of exocytosis and endocytosis and why they are necessary. 

-

Biology - Cells

  1. Describe structural and physiological differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.


  1. Describe differences between bacteria, animal and plant cells. 


  1. Describe the function of the following organelles and the type of cell they are found in…



a. cytosol

b. cytoplasm

c. nucleus

d. ribosome

g. rough endoplasmic reticulum

h. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

i. golgi apparatus

j. lysosome (peroxisome)

k. mitochondria

m. cell wall

n. chloroplast

p. plasma membrane

q. central vacuole

r. cilia/ flagella



  1. Describe the basic structure and composition of the plasma membrane.


  1. Describe how the plasma membrane accomplishes the following: 

a. movement of material into and out of the cell

b. communication with other cells

c. maintenance of fluidity


  1. Describe diffusion and the movement of molecules up (against) or down (with) a concentration gradient. 


  1. Describe the terms permeable and semi-permeable and relate them to movement through the plasma membrane. 


  1. Describe the processes of passive transport (osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion) with and without protein assistance. 


  1. Describe the process of active transport and why it is necessary. 


  1. Describe the processes of exocytosis and endocytosis and why they are necessary. 

robot