Practical 1

Cephalic:

-External Occipital Protuberance (EOP)

-Mastoid Process

-External Auditory Meatus

-Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

-Superficial Temporal Artery

-Auricle (pinna) of ear

-Ala of nose

Cervical:

-Hyoid bone

-Laryngeal Prominence (Adam’s apple) of Thyroid Cartilage

-Cricothyroid ligament

-Thyroid gland

-Carotid Artery pulse

-Jugular Notch -Vertebral Prominence denotes C7 spinous posteriorly.

-Cervical Lymph nodes

-Posterior Triangle: Set off by Upper Trapezius posteriorly, SCM anteriorly and the clavicle inferiorly.  It includes: Cervical Plexus, Brachial Plexus, Subclavian Artery and External Jugular.

-Anterior Triangle: Set off by the SCM posteriorly, the mandible superiorly and the midline of the neck anteriorly.  It includes the Carotid Artery, Internal Jugular

The Upper Limb:

-Acromioclavicular Joint

-Axilla has an anterior fold being Pectoralis Major & posterior fold being the Latissmus Dorsi & Teres Major

-Cubital fossa is the triangular depression bordered by the humeral epicondyles superiorly, the Pronator Teres medially and the Brachioradiallis laterally.  It contains the median cubital vein, the biceps tendon, and Brachial Artery and the Median nerve.

-Styloid Process of Ulnar & Radius

-Colles Fracture is impaction fracture of the radius.

-Radial & Ulnar Arteries

-Anatomical Snuff Box

-Palmaris Longus, Flexor Carpi Radialis & Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

-Thenar Eminence & Hypothenar Eminence

The Trunk:

-Costal Margins coming of xyphoid process

-Triangle of Auscultation

-Scapula apex located at T7 spinous process (sp).

-Iliac Crest serves as the hips and posteriorly denotes the location of the L4 sp. which is useful for performing Lumbar puncture for CSF analysis.

-Anterior Superior Iliac Spine is a prominence anteriorly which serves as the origin of the Inguinal Ligament which then attaches to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone.

-Supracristal line from iliac crest aligns with L4 spinous process.

-McBurney’s point in lower right quadrant which is region overlying the appendix.

-Bowel sounds

-Linea alba and role in acquired umbilical hernia

-Rectus abdominus

-Pubic symphysis

-Inguinal hernia

Lower Limb:

-Ischial Tuberosity site of hamstring insertion in region of gluteal fold.

-Gluteal Maximus and Medius

-Femoral Triangle is a three-sided depression in the anterosuperior thigh which contains the Femoral Artery, Femoral Vein and most Inguinal Lymph nodes.  It is set off by the Inguinal ligament superiorly, the Sartorius laterally and the Adductor longus medially.

-Popliteal Fossa behind the knee is set off by Biceps Femoris superiolaterally, the semimembranosus and semitendinosus superiomedially and the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius inferiorly.  It contains the Popliteal artery.

- Malleoli note how the lateral malleolus (of the Fibula) lies lower than the medial malleolus of the Tibia).

-Posterior Tibial Pulse

-Dorsalis Pedis Pulse