a) Types of waves

a) progressive waves; longitudinal and transverse waves

e) graphical representations of transverse and longitudinal waves

progressive wave = a wave that transfers energy without transferring matter

transverse wave = a wave where the particle vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

• peak = maximum upwards displacement from the rest position

• trough = maximum downwards displacement from the rest position

longitudinal wave = a wave where the particle vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

• compression = region of highest pressure due to close particles

• rarefaction = region of lowest pressure due to far apart particles

transverse and longitudinal waves → look the same on a displacement-time graph for a single particle