AP world study guide (guide)

China Vocab:

Emperor: Ruler, king, monarch, lord

Civil Service Exam: A test to assess qualifications of a person who wants employment in the government

Bureaucracy: A system of organization and administration characterized by hierarchal structures

Confucianism: The religion in the Song Dynasty that is the philosophy code for ethics

Neo-Confucianism: A complex tradition that blended Buddhism and Doaism

Filial Piety: Confucian principle that emphasized love and respect

Grand Canal: canal that ran from north (Beijing) to south (Hangzhou) that allowed trade, transportation and communication

Champa Rice: A kind of rice that originated in Champa Kingdom. It was drought-resistant as well.

Meritocracy: Government based on ability

Mandate of Heaven: The Chinese political philosophy that gave a right to rule an empire

Foot-binding: A historical practice to tightly bind feet with cloth. This was to stop girls’ feet from growing.

KEY CONCEPTS:

-People in Song China were SMART (Confucianism, CSE, government)

-Filial Piety was that children should respect their parents

-SE Asia was strict with tradition (Buddhism) and had limited spreading

-Mahayana Buddhism spread further, was less strict and blended cultures

-Vulgar: bad, Deviant: bad, Loftier:good, Virtuous: good, Luster: good

-The song dynasty was very organized and put-together because they were all taught with Confucianism. The CSE was the cause of their educated bureaucracy.

Islam Vocab:

Abbasid Calpiphate: The Islamic Kingdom

Seljuk Turks: The nomadic group of Oghuz Turks

Mamluks: Enslaved soldiers, non-Arab/ Muslim (purchased as children)

Delhi Sultanate: Five Islamic dynasties

Sufism: The smallest dimension of Islam, spiritual path that seemed direct, personal assistance through God

Shia: Second-largest branch of Islam that believed Muhammad and Ali should determine succession

Sunni: The largest branch of Islam that believed the community should determine succession

House of Wisdom: The house that taught new innovations

Caliph: The leader of Islam who established the government rules

Feudalism: A hierarchal political system prevalent in medieval Europe where land was exchanged for service and loyalty

Manorialism: Economic counterpart to feudalism, centered around the manor as an economic unit

Magna Carta: In England, limits the authority of the king

The Plague: The black plague caused lots of people to die, it also ended Serfdom

KEY CONCEPTS:

-LABOR VS MANAGEMENT

-Serfs were not owned and were getting paid, unlike slaves. But, they were forced to bring cases to their lords, they couldn’t leave owed labor and had no social mobility.

-Serfdom came to an end because of the black plague and the stability of kingdoms.

Europe Vocab:

Bhakti Movement: A medieval religious reform movement

Straits of Malacca: Narrow stretch of water, 900 kilometers long

Timbuktu: City in Mali that was a major trade destination

Griots: West African oral historians that passed down genealogies

KEY CONCEPTS:

-The Srivijaya Empire was very rich in resources, the trade center of the world and culturally diverse

-Mansa Musa