Unit Test: Macromolecules

  1. All molecules are carbon-based molecules.

  2. carbon and oxygen is an element found in all living things.

  3. Some macromolecules are formed from one or two monomers or small molecular fragments that repeat. 

  4. Biomolecules are very large molecules. This means they have more bonds and can store more energy.

  5. What biomolecule is part of the structure of ATP, nucleotides, and nucleic acids? (View diagrams if needed.) DNA

  6. Complete the following chart. Try to complete it without using your notes.

Biomolecule

Elements

Monomer

Function

Examples

Carbohydrate

CHO

monosaccharide

-fast energy

glucose 

Lipid

CHO

Fatty acid

-stored energy

-glycerol

Protein

CHON

Amino acid

transport

-enzymes

-gene expression

Nucleic Acid

CHONP

nucleotide

Contains your genetic code

DNA and RNA

  1. How can a sugar molecule provide the basis to build a lipid molecule? Molecules has the same element as the lipid molecule

  2. A triglyceride is made of 1 glsoral as the backbone and 3 fatty acid.

  3. Complete the table below to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats.

Type of Fat

Type of Bond

Examples

Contribute to  good or bad cholesterol

Saturated

single

butter

bad

Unsaturated

double 

Vegetable oiil

good

  1. What molecules used in photosynthesis are rearranged to produce carbohydrates? oxygen and glucose

  2. What are enzymes and why are they important? Proteins that speed up chemical reactions

  3. Which macromolecule has C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio? Carbohydrates

  1. What is photosynthesis? What are the products of photosynthesis? The process where plants get carbon, sunlight, and water to make oxygen

  2. What is cellular respiration? What are the products of cellular respiration? Cellular respiration is this process in which oxygen and glucose are used to create ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.