Drone Pilot Training_ Drone rules and Regulations.

  • Drone Pilot Training Overview

    • Presentation by Droneacharya Aerial Innovations.

    • Emphasis on avoiding photographs or videos during classes.

  • Drone Rules (2021)

    • Various areas of operation include:

    • Airport

    • Corporate Campus

    • Smart City

    • Emergency Response

    • Port & Harbor

    • Critical Infrastructure

    • Public Venues

  • International Rules and Regulations

    • Four basic elements of regulation:

    1. Pilot’s Certification

    2. Aircraft Registration

    3. Restricted Zones

    4. Insurance

  • Indian Drone Regulation Timeline

  • CAR for RPAS was issued under the provisions of Rule 15A and Rule 133A of the Aircraft Rules, 1937

    • UAS Rules 2021 – March 2021

    • Amendment Rules, 2022 (February 11)

    • Drone Rules, 2021 (August 25)

    • Amendment Rules, 2023 (September 27)

  • Approaches to Drone Regulation by Different Countries

    • Outright Ban

    • Effective Ban

    • Constant Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) requirements

    • Experimental use of Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS)

    • Permissive regulations

    • Wait and See approach

  • Civil Aviation Requirements (CAR)

    • govern the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and provide a framework for testing and implementing BVLOS flight conditions.

    • Issued by Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) , these regulations aim to ensure safety and compliance while fostering innovation in the drone industry.

    • This approach encourages gradual integration of new technologies, allowing stakeholders to adapt to evolving standards and promote responsible usage.

    • Important terms:

    • AGL: Above Ground Level

    • RPTO: Remote Pilot Training Organization

    • ATC: Air Traffic Control

    • UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

    • VLOS: Visual Line of Sight

    • BVLOS: Beyond Visual Line of Sight

    • RPA: Remotely Piloted Aircraft

    • RPC: Remote Pilot Certificate

    • NPNT: No Permission No Take Off

    • RPAS: Remotely Piloted Aircraft System

    • UTM: Unmanned Traffic Management

    • GCS: Ground Control Station

    • UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

    • UIN: Unique Identification Number

  • DGCA's Role

    • Responsible for safety issues of aircraft and operations.

  • DigitalSky Platform : A regulatory framework for drone operations in India, providing services such as registration, pilot licensing, and airspace management.

    • Mobile application for drone pilots with features like:

    • provides a centralized system for managing drone operations and ensuring compliance with regulations.

    • Issuing UINs

    • Applying for Type Certificates

    • Accessing Interactive Airspace Maps

    • UIN Application for Model Subcategory or Nano Class does not require a Type Certificate.

  • Categorization of UAS

    Types include:

    • Rotorcraft: Designed for vertical flight, utilizing rotors to achieve lift and maneuverability.

    • Hybrid: Combines characteristics of both fixed-wing and rotorcraft, allowing for versatile performance in various flight conditions.

    • Aeroplane: A fixed-wing aircraft that requires forward motion to generate lift, typically used for longer distances and higher speeds.

    • Sub-Categorization:

    • Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS): A type of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is operated from a distance through a ground control station.

    • Autonomous Unmanned Aircraft System (AUAS): A category of UAV that can navigate and operate independently without direct human control, utilizing onboard systems for decision-making and flight management.

    • Model Unmanned Aircraft System (MUAS):M A class of UAV that is designed for specific research, training, or experimental purposes, often serving as a platform for the development and testing of new technologies.

  • Classification of UAVs by Weight

    • Nano: ≤ 250 gms

    • Micro: > 250 gms and ≤ 2 kg

    • Small: > 2 kg and ≤ 25 kg

    • Medium: > 25 kg and ≤ 150 kg

    • Large: > 150 kg

  • Rules of Air (Issued by Ministry of Civil Aviation)

    • Responsibilities of Drone Pilots:

    • Keep drone within sight

    • Avoid airports and airfields

    • Maintain distance from people and property

    • Do not fly above 120m (400 ft)

  • Drone Laws

    • Registration as a drone pilot is compulsory

    • Knowledge of drone operation is essential

    • Completion of DGCA training and tests is required

    • Respect people's privacy while flying drones

    • Prepare drone for every flight

  • Weather Check Consideration

    • Must check weather conditions before flying drones to ensure safety and optimal performance, including wind speed, precipitation, and visibility.

  • Authorization of Drone Operations

    • Includes authorization of individuals, eligibility conditions, and validity periods for drone pilots, along with ensuring compliance with aviation regulations and obtaining necessary permits.

  • Third Party Liability and Insurance

    • Mandatory insurance includes:

    • Comprehensive

    • Payload

    • Beyond Visual Line of Sight

    • Night Flying (based on project)

    • Transit (good to have)