Grammar Notes on Verb Forms

1. To Verb

  • Structure: Subject + Verb + Object + To Verb (SB TO V)

  • Verbs that follow this pattern:

    • Assume (cho rằng)

    • Instruct (hướng dẫn)

    • Beg (van xin)

    • Invite (mời)

    • Believe (tin)

    • Order (yêu cầu)

    • Cause (gây ra, khiến cho)

    • Permit (cho phép)

    • Challenge (thách thức)

    • Persuade (thuyết phục)

    • Command (yêu cầu)

    • Remind (nhắc nhở)

    • Compel (bắt buộc)

    • Request (yêu cầu)

    • Consider (xem xét)

    • Teach (dạy)

    • Enable (cho phép)

    • Tell (bảo, kể)

    • Expect (hy vọng)

    • Urge (thúc giục)

    • Forbid (cấm)

    • Want (muốn)

    • Force (ép buộc)

    • Warn (cảnh báo)

    • Help (giúp đỡ)

    • Wish (ước)

  • Verbs followed by To Verb (V TO V):

    • Afford (có khả năng chi trả)

    • Offer (đề nghị)

    • Agree (đồng ý)

    • Plan (lên kế hoạch)

    • Aim (nhằm mục đích)

    • Prepare (chuẩn bị)

    • Arrange (sắp xếp)

    • Pretend (giả vờ)

    • Appear (có vẻ)

    • Promise (hứa)

    • Ask (yêu cầu)

    • Propose (đề xuất)

    • Attempt (cố gắng)

    • Refuse (từ chối)

    • Care (quan tâm)

    • Seem (hình như)

    • Choose (chọn)

    • Swear (thề)

    • Claim (tuyên bố)

    • Tend (có xu hướng)

    • Decide (quyết định)

    • Threaten (đe dọa)

    • Deserve (xứng đáng)

    • Volunteer (tình nguyện)

    • Fail (thất bại)

    • Vow (thề)

    • Happen (xảy ra)

    • Want (muốn)

    • Hesitate (ngần ngại)

    • Wish (ước)

    • Hope (hy vọng)

    • Would hate (ghét)
      *KÈM To V/V/Ving/Bare V * ing

    • Intend (dự định)

    • Would like (muốn)

    • Learn (học)

    • Would love (rất thích)

    • Manage (xoay sở)

    • Would prefer (thích hơn)

    • Need (cần)

    • Yearn (khao khát)

    • Neglect (xao nhãng)

    • Urge (thúc giục)

2. Ving (Gerund)

  • Verbs followed by Gerund (V + GERUND):

    • Admit (thú nhận)

    • Miss (nhớ, bỏ lỡ)

    • Appreciate (đánh giá cao)

    • Postpone (trì hoãn)

    • Avoid (tránh)

    • Practice (thực hành)

    • Delay (trì hoãn)

    • Recall (nhớ lại)

    • Deny (phủ nhận)

    • Recollect (nhớ lại)

    • Discuss (thảo luận)

    • Report (báo cáo)

    • Enjoy (thích thú)

    • Resent (không hài lòng)

    • Imagine (tưởng tượng)

    • Resist (chống lại)

    • Involve (có liên quan)

    • Risk (liều lĩnh)

    • Keep (tiếp tục)

    • Suggest (đề nghị)

    • Mention (đề cập)

    • Tolerate (chịu đựng)

    • Mind (phiền)

  • Verbs followed by Object + Doing Something (V + SB + DOING STH) - Verbs of Perception:

    • See (nhìn thấy)

    • Watch (xem)

    • Hear (nghe)

    • Notice (chú ý)

    • Feel (cảm thấy)

3. Bare Verb

  • Follows auxiliary verbs (Do, Does, Did).

  • Follows modal verbs (Can, Could, Will, Would, May, Might, Need, Dare, Must, Shall, Have to, Used to, Ought to, Should).

  • Follows object in certain structures (V + SB + DO STH):

    • Let (cho phép)

    • Have (sai khiến ai, thuê ai)

    • Make (bắt ai)

    • Help (giúp ai)

  • Verbs of Perception followed by Object + Bare Infinitive (V + SB + DO STH):

    • See (nhìn thấy)

    • Hear (nghe)

    • Feel (cảm thấy)

    • Watch (xem)

    • Notice (chú ý)

4. Noun, Pronoun, Infinitive without "to"

  • Verbs of perception + Bare Infinitive → Complete action, emphasis on the entire action.

  • Verbs of perception + Gerund → Emphasis on the process of the action, ongoing action.

  • Verbs of Perception (See, hear, feel…) + Object + To Inf + Gerund

  • Advise, recommend, allow, permit, encourage, require + To Inf → Action happens in the future.

  • Gerund → Action happening in the past.

  • Forget, remember + To Inf → Mention an action to be done.

  • Gerund → Stop doing something.

  • Try + To Inf → Trying to do something.

  • Gerund → To be involved.

  • Mean + To Inf → Meaning to do something.

  • Gerund → Meaning of any action.

  • Need + To Inf → Something to be done.

  • Gerund → Ongoing action.

  • Keep, go on.